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Downloaded from
YTS.MX
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[tires rolling over dirt road]
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Official YIFY movies site:
YTS.MX
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[Eduardo Duhalde] That morning,
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like every summer morning,
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I went out to go fishing.
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I took the same route every day.
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At one point,
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I saw four or five people
around a smoking car.
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[brooding music playing]
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I thought it was normal,
the car had a problem,
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so I kept going.
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I stopped for a second
but didn't ask anyone, and I kept going.
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JANUARY 25, 1997
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Around 6:00 p.m.,
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I was on my way back.
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But it was no longer just three people,
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there were helicopters,
lots of police cars.
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[indistinct chattering]
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So I asked what happened.
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GOVERNOR OF BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE
1991-1999
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They came and told me someone had died,
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and they said,
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Cabezas had been killed.
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A journalist had been killed.
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And I immediately realized the magnitude.
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The magnitude of what had happened.
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[reporter] It's an event
shrouded in mystery.
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A Ford Fiesta was set on fire.
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A NETFLIX DOCUMENTARY
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Apparently there was a body in the car,
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in a ditch.
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The Inter American Press Association
has condemned
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the murder of a journalist working
for the Argentine magazine Noticias.
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The photographer José Luis Cabezas
was murdered this weekend,
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and his Argentine colleagues suspect that
the murder has political implications.
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[dramatic string music playing]
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[clapping]
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[reporter] The national government
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is being asked to clarify
what happened to José Luis Cabezas.
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It's unbelievable.
This is such a horrible event.
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[crowd] Justice!
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-[protester 1] Cabezas!
-[protester 2] Here!
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Cabezas! Here!
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[clamoring]
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[reporter] Ríos, if asked to testify,
what will you tell the judge?
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[Duhalde] Nothing says
this cannot happen again,
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that this was unique.
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It's one of the darkest periods
in Argentine history.
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Yabrán, what do you think
about being linked to the murder?
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Yabrán is just another businessman.
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Mr. Yabrán leads a mafia.
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They are criminals.
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This is a gangster flick.
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[dramatic music continues]
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[man] The car is totally burned up.
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It was deliberately put there
and then burned.
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[Gabriel Michi] I always think back
to that summer of 1997.
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Its something that stays with you
for your whole life.
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GABRIEL MICHI
JOURNALIST
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Honestly, you're never prepared
for something like that.
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I worked with José Luis Cabezas
at Noticias magazine.
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We covered summertime in Pinamar.
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And working that story together
made us closer, we became friends.
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[upbeat pop music playing]
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[woman] Pinamar is more than just
the mixture of green, sand and ocean.
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Pinamar is like the fashion mecca
of the Argentine coast.
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[cheering]
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[Michi] Pinamar in the '90s
was a synthesis
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of what was going on in national politics.
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There was this frivolity
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being promoted by president Carlos Menem.
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A system of space flights
will go up to the stratosphere
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and from there, in an hour and a half,
we can go from Argentina
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to Japan, Korea or anywhere in the world.
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[upbeat music continues]
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[camera shutter clicks]
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Being in politics was showing off
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with a Ferrari, dancing with escorts.
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It was showing off power
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and a fascination
for consumption and ostentation.
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[Michi] The jet set
mixed precisely with politics.
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[laughs]
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[Michi] Pinamar was this place where
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every summer, we said,
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there was a thread,
there was political negotiation.
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The main participants in "Menemism"
of the time, all went there.
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Between reports and negotiations,
if there is time for the beach,
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the politicians choose
the exclusive CR resort.
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Pinamar was one of the most beautiful
seaside resorts on the coast.
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We journalists liked going.
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[Óscar Andreani] Pinamar was
the soundtrack to life.
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OSCAR ANDREANI
BUSINESSMAN
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We really enjoyed the beach,
the whole place.
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We had a group of great friends
who were in Pinamar.
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[Michi] On January 24, 1997…
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Hi. How are you?
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…Oscar Andreani had a party,
which was a very important party,
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very characteristic of Pinamar,
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because he really liked
setting off fireworks.
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[upbeat music playing]
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[Andreani] Since we had
so many friends, we said,
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"Let's throw a party."
A little, let's say, more extravagant.
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I started to realize that the party
had grown much larger than I thought.
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It had become a Pinamar party.
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[Michi] And we covered it, you could say,
with José Luis taking photos,
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me seeing who was there.
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We spent the whole time together.
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Around 4:00 a.m., I tell José Luis,
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"Look, I want to go."
I ask him what he wants to do.
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00:06:03,480 --> 00:06:06,080
José Luis tells me, "No, I want to stay."
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00:06:06,160 --> 00:06:07,720
It was just so much fun there.
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[cheering]
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So I give him the car keys
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and that was the last contact
I had with José Luis.
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[cheering continues]
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[Andreani] I remember at the time,
it was about 5:00 in the morning,
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I ran into José Luis Cabezas.
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I was going upstairs
and he was going down, to leave.
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There was no need to say anything,
we were just crossing paths,
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and he said to me,
"Incredible. Incredible."
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[fireworks popping]
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JANUARY 25, 1997
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[Michi] On January 25th,
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we planned to go out
to do our tour around 2:00 p.m.
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So, I send him a message,
because he didn't arrive at 2:00 p.m.
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José Luis was very punctual.
I called his home.
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José Luis's mother-in-law tells me
not only that José wasn't there,
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00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:07,640
but that, "Actually, he hasn't come back
since you picked him up last night."
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I thought,
"How could he not have come back?"
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That's where I started to worry.
I thought, "What happened?"
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[tense music playing]
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00:07:20,360 --> 00:07:23,360
[Michi] The first thing I do
is call our colleagues,
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00:07:23,440 --> 00:07:27,440
and I find out that José Luis
had left Andreani's house at 5:10 a.m.
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[tires rolling over dirt road]
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I call the hotel, where we had our office.
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Nobody knew anything.
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So I tell my friends there, I tell them,
"Hey, let's go to the hospital,
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see if there was
an accident or something."
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To the Pinamar hospital, right?
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We go inside
and before reaching the hospital,
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we swing by the police station.
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MAP OF PINAMAR
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PINAMAR POLICE STATION
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I see him, the Pinamar commissioner,
Alberto Gómez.
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POLICE
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So I went downstairs and asked him,
"Gómez, do you know anything?"
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00:08:02,840 --> 00:08:06,880
"I'm looking for José Luis Cabezas,
the photographer from Noticias."
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00:08:06,960 --> 00:08:09,360
And he told me,
"No, I don't know anything."
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"What car do you guys drive?"
And I tell him, "A white Ford Fiesta."
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He tells me,
"I think I have some bad news for you."
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I thought, "What happened here?"
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I thought of an accident,
I thought the car might have been stolen,
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Something like that.
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He goes to his office, I'm behind him,
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and on his walkie-talkie
he talks to the team
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where the car had appeared.
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[dramatic music playing]
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[Michi] And I hear him
tell the police officer there,
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"I think we have identified the body."
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"It is José Luis Cabezas,
from Noticias magazine."
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[mysterious music playing]
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[Michi] And I tell him, "But you have
to know whether or not it is José Luis."
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00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:02,920
And he tells me,
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00:09:03,000 --> 00:09:06,240
"There is no way to identify him,
because the body is completely burned."
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We're going to try to film this site.
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Yes.
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00:09:11,760 --> 00:09:14,960
Here you can see the place
where the car is.
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00:09:15,680 --> 00:09:18,040
It's almost impossible to see it.
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00:09:18,880 --> 00:09:22,160
Yes, what we have here
is a car that is burnt out.
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00:09:23,120 --> 00:09:26,960
Totally burnt out,
containing a body with male features,
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and the CSI is coming to work on it.
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My name is Mariano Cazeaux.
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My role during the Cabezas case was
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00:09:37,080 --> 00:09:41,240
secretary of the Criminal and Correctional
Court No. 2 of Dolores,
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under the leadership
of Dr. José Luis Macchi.
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00:09:44,120 --> 00:09:45,000
COURTHOUSE
DOLORES
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The judicial department of Dolores
has a very wide jurisdiction,
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00:09:48,760 --> 00:09:51,640
and that means that it reaches
the coastal municipalities.
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ATLANTIC COAST
DOWNTOWN DOLORES
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00:09:53,200 --> 00:09:54,320
JANUARY 25, 1997
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On January 25th, a police report arrives,
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00:09:57,280 --> 00:10:02,000
detailing the discovery
of a vehicle on fire with a corpse inside.
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00:10:02,080 --> 00:10:02,920
COMPLETELY BURNT
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00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:04,800
The initial police report
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00:10:06,080 --> 00:10:09,080
was so unclear, so short,
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00:10:10,480 --> 00:10:13,000
that it could be read as an accident.
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TO SALADA GRANDE LAGOON
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00:10:18,560 --> 00:10:21,240
[brooding music playing]
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00:10:23,440 --> 00:10:26,560
[Michi] They take me
to the ditch in General Madariaga.
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00:10:27,160 --> 00:10:31,160
A policeman comes, they tell him,
"This is Cabezas's partner."
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00:10:34,680 --> 00:10:36,160
They let me in.
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00:10:36,240 --> 00:10:38,040
I get to the ditch.
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I see that terrible image,
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which is an image
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00:10:42,560 --> 00:10:45,560
that comes to mind so clearly,
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I will never forget.
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00:10:51,440 --> 00:10:55,120
I couldn't believe that
what I saw there was José Luis.
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It's… it was, it was terrible.
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00:10:58,920 --> 00:11:00,280
[suspenseful music playing]
201
00:11:01,040 --> 00:11:03,400
So, I ask him if they had found a camera.
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00:11:04,480 --> 00:11:07,280
And they tell me, "No, no camera."
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00:11:07,360 --> 00:11:11,640
And I ask if they had found film rolls,
they show me some burnt rolls.
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00:11:12,360 --> 00:11:14,920
And they start showing me
a series of objects.
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00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:18,880
They show me a piece of a cowboy boot,
they show me a watch,
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00:11:20,240 --> 00:11:21,320
some handcuffs.
207
00:11:22,280 --> 00:11:25,320
That's when I found out
that he had been handcuffed.
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00:11:26,480 --> 00:11:27,720
[clang echoing]
209
00:11:30,600 --> 00:11:33,160
[music continues]
210
00:11:33,880 --> 00:11:35,640
[Michi] And they show me a set of keys.
211
00:11:36,240 --> 00:11:40,040
I see a key that seems to be the one
for the office we had in Pinamar.
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00:11:40,120 --> 00:11:42,800
And since I had another set of keys,
213
00:11:42,880 --> 00:11:45,880
I go to my backpack, I get my set of keys,
214
00:11:45,960 --> 00:11:48,480
and we compared them
and they were the same.
215
00:11:48,560 --> 00:11:51,360
[music continues]
216
00:11:54,160 --> 00:11:55,440
[Michi] And we went to Pinamar.
217
00:11:56,080 --> 00:11:57,440
We went to the office.
218
00:12:00,400 --> 00:12:02,200
We tried the keys.
219
00:12:02,280 --> 00:12:04,800
The keys fit and opened the office.
220
00:12:06,240 --> 00:12:08,240
That's when it hit me.
221
00:12:08,320 --> 00:12:13,840
That's when I knew that the person
who had been murdered and burned
222
00:12:13,920 --> 00:12:15,440
was really José Luis.
223
00:12:19,040 --> 00:12:22,480
JOURNALIST MURDERED
AND BURNT ON THE COAST
224
00:12:22,560 --> 00:12:25,640
JOURNALIST'S BODY
FOUND IN GENERAL MADARIAGA
225
00:12:25,720 --> 00:12:28,520
The first moment
was one of enormous confusion.
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00:12:28,600 --> 00:12:31,400
EDI ZUNINO
JOURNALIST, NOTICIAS MAGAZINE
227
00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:33,720
I didn't really understand
what was going on.
228
00:12:33,800 --> 00:12:36,200
NOTICIAS MAGAZINE PHOTOGRAPHER
HANDCUFFED AND BURNT IN CAR
229
00:12:36,280 --> 00:12:38,640
A crime in times of democracy
230
00:12:38,720 --> 00:12:41,480
was unexpected, unthinkable
and absolutely shocking.
231
00:12:41,560 --> 00:12:43,040
JOURNALIST, NOTICIAS MAGAZINE
232
00:12:43,120 --> 00:12:46,920
We wonder what sector
is capable of such barbarism.
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00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:51,120
And I believe that there are not too many
sectors capable of this barbarism.
234
00:12:52,920 --> 00:12:56,240
[Lorena Maciel] I was a radio journalist.
I was just starting out.
235
00:12:56,320 --> 00:12:58,680
At that time,
there was a lot of confusion.
236
00:12:58,760 --> 00:13:03,320
But I do remember I called the station
and said that I wanted to go.
237
00:13:04,160 --> 00:13:07,880
Menem already had a negative image.
Pretty negative.
238
00:13:07,960 --> 00:13:10,640
There were a lot
of accusations of corruption,
239
00:13:10,720 --> 00:13:13,760
and at that time
the accusations came from journalists.
240
00:13:13,840 --> 00:13:16,200
Until they finish the investigation…
241
00:13:17,120 --> 00:13:19,840
[Michi] The first press conference
given by Carlos Menem,
242
00:13:19,920 --> 00:13:21,880
he gets very uncomfortable and says,
243
00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:24,440
"It's an issue for the province
of Buenos Aires,
244
00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:27,040
but it's not a political crime."
245
00:13:27,120 --> 00:13:29,120
Please don't politicize the issue.
246
00:13:30,120 --> 00:13:32,040
This fact is an outlier.
247
00:13:32,120 --> 00:13:35,240
There is no previous event
with these characteristics,
248
00:13:35,320 --> 00:13:37,080
since the return of democracy.
249
00:13:37,160 --> 00:13:39,680
And nothing tells us
that this cannot be repeated.
250
00:13:40,960 --> 00:13:44,520
Dr. Alfonsín,
the former Argentine president,
251
00:13:44,600 --> 00:13:47,240
he said, "The murder was meant
to implicate Duhalde."
252
00:13:49,000 --> 00:13:53,840
Duhalde, when José Luis's
crime occurred, was frightened.
253
00:13:53,920 --> 00:13:55,600
I really think he freaked out.
254
00:13:57,040 --> 00:14:00,040
[reporter] José Luis Cabeza's body
was transferred on Sunday,
255
00:14:00,120 --> 00:14:01,720
from Pinamar to La Plata.
256
00:14:01,800 --> 00:14:03,560
An autopsy was performed in the morgue,
257
00:14:03,640 --> 00:14:07,760
where it was found that the journalist
died from a gunshot to the head.
258
00:14:07,840 --> 00:14:11,120
The autopsy determined
that it had been a violent death,
259
00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:13,360
the result of a bullet
shot from a firearm.
260
00:14:14,120 --> 00:14:17,800
They had the direction
of entry and exit of the projectile.
261
00:14:17,880 --> 00:14:20,360
-[reporter] Was he handcuffed?
-[Fogelman] He was handcuffed.
262
00:14:20,440 --> 00:14:22,640
[reporter] Do the handcuffs
belong to your department?
263
00:14:22,720 --> 00:14:23,720
POLICE CHIEF
264
00:14:23,800 --> 00:14:25,000
I don't know that.
265
00:14:25,560 --> 00:14:27,760
We are planning to take
statements from some people.
266
00:14:27,840 --> 00:14:31,600
And then the rest will come from
the investigations that we are conducting.
267
00:14:31,680 --> 00:14:35,760
-[reporter] Has anyone been arrested?
-No one arrested or detained as of yet.
268
00:14:43,880 --> 00:14:45,640
[laughter]
269
00:14:45,720 --> 00:14:47,280
[indistinct chatter]
270
00:14:48,440 --> 00:14:50,200
Cabezas was a very, very funny guy.
271
00:14:50,280 --> 00:14:52,920
PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR
NOTICIAS MAGAZINE - 1989-1997
272
00:14:53,000 --> 00:14:56,200
But as funny as he was, he was arrogant.
273
00:14:56,280 --> 00:14:57,680
He was a very arrogant guy.
274
00:14:58,720 --> 00:14:59,720
Ah!
275
00:15:01,320 --> 00:15:03,240
[man] No, cheater.
276
00:15:04,520 --> 00:15:08,240
A cheerful guy, a nice guy.
A real ball buster.
277
00:15:08,320 --> 00:15:09,680
Whoever finds the treasure.
278
00:15:09,760 --> 00:15:12,640
The couple that finds the treasure
makes dinner.
279
00:15:12,720 --> 00:15:15,120
[Ropero] At first,
I didn't really like him.
280
00:15:17,440 --> 00:15:18,600
Then things changed.
281
00:15:18,680 --> 00:15:20,280
Then we became friends.
282
00:15:20,360 --> 00:15:22,400
We were putting together Noticias.
283
00:15:22,480 --> 00:15:25,960
I get a call. They tell me,
"Find five photographers."
284
00:15:26,040 --> 00:15:27,880
And the rest is history.
285
00:15:27,960 --> 00:15:29,920
And among the five photographers,
286
00:15:30,000 --> 00:15:32,600
I chose Cabezas,
because he cared about framing.
287
00:15:35,360 --> 00:15:38,520
[Gustavo González] Noticias magazine
was a news magazine.
288
00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:42,640
Most of their covers were political.
289
00:15:42,720 --> 00:15:44,000
FANBOYS AND CHEAP DOLLARS
290
00:15:44,080 --> 00:15:47,680
There were journalistic investigations,
the photos were very important.
291
00:15:49,720 --> 00:15:52,960
[Ropero] We had the most important
journalistic photography staff
292
00:15:53,040 --> 00:15:54,360
in Latin America.
293
00:15:55,960 --> 00:15:57,880
Cabezas didn't take pictures
of a guy sitting.
294
00:15:58,560 --> 00:16:01,520
He took a picture of a guy sitting,
but from up there, you know?
295
00:16:01,600 --> 00:16:03,080
With a unique perspective.
296
00:16:04,800 --> 00:16:06,880
[Baratucci] He was looking
for his own style.
297
00:16:08,320 --> 00:16:10,120
And I think he was finding it.
298
00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:14,960
[Ropero] He shot a lot
of interviews like that,
299
00:16:15,040 --> 00:16:17,040
where he would get on the desk
and I would spot him.
300
00:16:17,120 --> 00:16:20,040
[Michi] But he was obsessive,
he always wanted more.
301
00:16:20,120 --> 00:16:23,600
[Zunino] He drew his inspiration from
the environment in which he was working.
302
00:16:24,360 --> 00:16:26,880
I've never seen another
photographer shoot so many rolls.
303
00:16:28,480 --> 00:16:30,600
[chuckles] His ability to convince.
304
00:16:30,680 --> 00:16:33,840
He was a guy who could
talk you into doing anything.
305
00:16:36,880 --> 00:16:39,200
[Michi] Stubborn, very hard-headed.
306
00:16:39,840 --> 00:16:41,440
When he got something into his head,
307
00:16:41,520 --> 00:16:44,080
it was very difficult
to make him change his mind.
308
00:16:45,360 --> 00:16:47,440
He had a special way about him,
309
00:16:47,520 --> 00:16:50,720
and, to a certain extent, this party
of the '90s ran through him.
310
00:16:50,800 --> 00:16:52,520
PLÉYADE AWARD
BEST PHOTOGRAPHY OF THE YEAR
311
00:16:53,360 --> 00:16:54,920
CRISTINA ROBLEDO
JOSÉ LUIS CABEZAS' WIDOW
312
00:16:55,000 --> 00:16:57,000
At 11:00 he tells me,
313
00:16:57,800 --> 00:17:00,600
"I'm going to be late."
314
00:17:02,000 --> 00:17:04,360
"Don't wait up for me,
I'm going to a party."
315
00:17:04,440 --> 00:17:06,000
I knew about the party.
316
00:17:07,760 --> 00:17:10,800
Knowing him and knowing his character,
317
00:17:11,920 --> 00:17:13,880
he was… fun.
318
00:17:13,960 --> 00:17:15,480
He went to the party.
319
00:17:16,280 --> 00:17:17,440
[interviewer] And then?
320
00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:22,680
And then…
321
00:17:25,480 --> 00:17:26,960
it ended, right?
322
00:17:27,560 --> 00:17:30,640
[poignant music playing]
323
00:17:38,680 --> 00:17:41,520
AGAINST IMPUNITY
324
00:17:45,240 --> 00:17:47,560
[indistinct chatter]
325
00:17:50,320 --> 00:17:52,280
[Michi] After leaving the coffin,
326
00:17:53,240 --> 00:17:55,600
the photographers went to the Obelisco.
327
00:17:56,400 --> 00:17:58,040
They made a circle
328
00:17:58,120 --> 00:18:00,680
and put all their cameras on the ground.
329
00:18:01,480 --> 00:18:03,000
But they quickly realized
330
00:18:03,080 --> 00:18:07,840
they had to do something different,
because that was like a kind of defeat.
331
00:18:08,520 --> 00:18:11,600
So they raised their cameras to the sky
332
00:18:11,680 --> 00:18:14,320
and that's how the famous
"camera shot" came to be.
333
00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:25,680
[Julio Menajovsky] José Luis
is kidnapped, killed, his body burned
334
00:18:26,600 --> 00:18:29,920
in such a way that it took me
back to darker situations
335
00:18:31,120 --> 00:18:33,600
that I have experienced
in our country's history.
336
00:18:36,120 --> 00:18:38,520
[Michi] It was an extemporaneous crime,
337
00:18:38,600 --> 00:18:41,600
a throwback to the days
of military dictatorship.
338
00:18:45,240 --> 00:18:47,000
[González] It was a message to us.
339
00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:51,080
There was a state of national shock.
340
00:18:51,160 --> 00:18:55,080
Imagine the alarm in our newsroom,
trying to cope with that anxiety.
341
00:18:55,680 --> 00:18:58,280
[Zunino] Bewilderment, panic attacks.
342
00:18:59,800 --> 00:19:04,280
Threats, of all sorts, about how
they were going to take care of us.
343
00:19:05,680 --> 00:19:09,640
And from that moment on,
well, a barrage of threats began.
344
00:19:11,080 --> 00:19:13,360
Phone calls.
"We're going to take you out."
345
00:19:14,400 --> 00:19:17,120
Bullets, which were left at my front door.
346
00:19:17,200 --> 00:19:20,000
It was like going out
in the time of the dictatorship,
347
00:19:20,080 --> 00:19:23,280
against traffic, so that
they wouldn't kidnap you.
348
00:19:24,320 --> 00:19:25,200
Living in terror.
349
00:19:25,280 --> 00:19:28,160
[somber music playing]
350
00:19:28,240 --> 00:19:30,320
[clapping]
351
00:19:37,960 --> 00:19:40,320
It's outrageous. It's unbelievable.
352
00:19:40,400 --> 00:19:41,800
It is unbelievable that,
353
00:19:42,560 --> 00:19:45,240
in this country, something like this
can happen. Such a tragedy.
354
00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:46,360
SANTO BIASATTI
JOURNALIST
355
00:19:46,440 --> 00:19:48,320
We do not ask for revenge.
356
00:19:48,400 --> 00:19:51,120
What we want is justice,
because this is not a corporate claim.
357
00:19:51,200 --> 00:19:54,000
It is not just from journalists,
don't get confused.
358
00:19:54,600 --> 00:19:57,480
We were going to fight so that this crime
would not go unpunished.
359
00:19:58,680 --> 00:20:00,760
If that could happen to a photojournalist,
360
00:20:00,840 --> 00:20:05,480
from the most widely read magazine at
the time, what else could society expect?
361
00:20:10,360 --> 00:20:12,320
[Miguel Gaya]
This is going to be forgotten.
362
00:20:12,400 --> 00:20:15,840
Another event is going to take place
that draws away people's attention
363
00:20:15,920 --> 00:20:17,720
and nobody is going to remember Cabezas.
364
00:20:17,800 --> 00:20:19,600
So let's ask for that.
365
00:20:19,680 --> 00:20:23,040
The first thing we are going to ask is,
"Don't forget about Cabezas."
366
00:20:23,120 --> 00:20:24,440
GRANDMOTHERS OF PLAZA DE MAYO
367
00:20:24,520 --> 00:20:26,440
[Menajovsky]
With "Don't forget about Cabezas"
368
00:20:26,520 --> 00:20:29,200
there is an unspoken voice,
369
00:20:29,280 --> 00:20:33,040
who is someone who carries on the memory
370
00:20:33,120 --> 00:20:35,600
and says, "Don't forget about Cabezas,
371
00:20:36,320 --> 00:20:37,760
or else it will be too late
372
00:20:38,320 --> 00:20:40,040
when new crimes may arise."
373
00:20:40,120 --> 00:20:42,120
ALL THE TRUTH - ALL THE JUSTICE
374
00:20:48,840 --> 00:20:50,000
DUHALDE OFFERS A REWARD
375
00:20:50,080 --> 00:20:52,600
ONE HUNDRED THOUSAND PESOS
OFFERED BY THE GOVERNOR
376
00:20:52,680 --> 00:20:55,840
[man] The superior government
of the province of Buenos Aires
377
00:20:55,920 --> 00:20:57,840
has offered a reward for any citizen
378
00:20:57,920 --> 00:21:00,800
who provides concrete,
precise information.
379
00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:04,640
Rewards weren't used much in Argentina,
380
00:21:04,720 --> 00:21:07,680
but they were an incentive that,
in many parts of the world,
381
00:21:07,760 --> 00:21:09,960
especially in the United States,
were used.
382
00:21:10,040 --> 00:21:11,640
And, well, they work.
383
00:21:13,120 --> 00:21:18,440
The reward can push many people
to decide to report what they know.
384
00:21:18,520 --> 00:21:22,400
[reporter] Commissioner, is there no fear
of false information being sold?
385
00:21:22,480 --> 00:21:24,240
Of lies being told in this case?
386
00:21:24,920 --> 00:21:27,120
Unfortunately, yes. I receive them daily.
387
00:21:28,240 --> 00:21:31,360
Pretty much all those statements
led us to dead ends.
388
00:21:31,440 --> 00:21:34,480
Some even seemed to be
distractions from the investigation.
389
00:21:34,560 --> 00:21:37,520
CABEZAS JOSÉ LUIS
VICTIM OF UNLAWFUL DEPRIVATION OF LIBERTY
390
00:21:37,600 --> 00:21:40,560
[Cazeaux] At one point, a witness appears,
391
00:21:40,640 --> 00:21:44,320
who is introduced to the investigation
through the police headquarters…
392
00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:46,520
APPEAR BEFORE THE WITNESS
393
00:21:46,600 --> 00:21:50,560
…and who came to say that he knew
who had committed the crime
394
00:21:50,640 --> 00:21:52,480
and that they were from Mar del Plata.
395
00:21:53,080 --> 00:21:55,760
And he names them, describes them.
396
00:21:57,320 --> 00:21:59,960
Mar del Plata, in relation to Pinamar,
397
00:22:00,040 --> 00:22:03,240
has a very clear difference,
geographically and socially.
398
00:22:03,320 --> 00:22:05,360
MAR DEL PLATA
BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE
399
00:22:05,440 --> 00:22:08,320
Mar del Plata is a much bigger city
400
00:22:08,920 --> 00:22:10,760
with a different way of life.
401
00:22:15,000 --> 00:22:18,600
The truth is that this group
of people from Mar del Plata,
402
00:22:18,680 --> 00:22:21,000
were people, all of them,
linked to the underworld.
403
00:22:21,080 --> 00:22:21,920
LOWLIFES
404
00:22:23,040 --> 00:22:27,120
Margarita Di Tulio, famous
for her nickname "Pepita the Gunslinger,"
405
00:22:27,720 --> 00:22:28,960
was one of them.
406
00:22:29,560 --> 00:22:31,920
She was known to be
the manager of some cabarets
407
00:22:32,000 --> 00:22:35,680
and prostitution joints,
in general, within the port area.
408
00:22:35,760 --> 00:22:37,920
[indistinct chatter]
409
00:22:38,000 --> 00:22:40,920
My nickname came from earlier journalists,
410
00:22:41,000 --> 00:22:43,400
when I was very young, because I liked,
411
00:22:43,480 --> 00:22:45,440
uh, and I still like guns.
412
00:22:45,520 --> 00:22:47,000
I always carried a .38.
413
00:22:48,560 --> 00:22:51,640
[woman] "Pepita the Gunslinger"
and the names of the other four men
414
00:22:51,720 --> 00:22:53,360
came from a witness named Carlos,
415
00:22:53,440 --> 00:22:58,560
who said he had heard Margarita Di Tulio
say, days before the crime,
416
00:22:58,640 --> 00:23:01,880
"There is a journalist from Noticias
who is screwing us over."
417
00:23:01,960 --> 00:23:03,720
"Let's get him out of the way."
418
00:23:04,680 --> 00:23:07,360
He said all this
because he had heard them.
419
00:23:07,440 --> 00:23:09,360
HEAD INSTRUCTOR
OF POLICE INVESTIGATION
420
00:23:09,440 --> 00:23:12,040
Supposedly he had infiltrated them.
421
00:23:15,960 --> 00:23:22,000
[Pombo] He provided information that led
to the arrest of the so-called "Pepitos."
422
00:23:23,520 --> 00:23:27,400
[Cazeaux] Finally, they requested
a search of everyone's homes.
423
00:23:27,480 --> 00:23:31,480
And, as a result of the findings,
a weapon is discovered
424
00:23:31,560 --> 00:23:35,320
that turns out to coincide with the bullet
that had been found in the skull.
425
00:23:35,400 --> 00:23:37,400
[dramatic music playing]
426
00:23:39,840 --> 00:23:41,640
One of them had the gun.
427
00:23:42,400 --> 00:23:43,600
There was a connection.
428
00:23:45,480 --> 00:23:49,080
[Pombo] There were ambiguities,
but later, when the gun turned up,
429
00:23:49,160 --> 00:23:51,720
we said, "Well, there's a real link here."
430
00:23:54,200 --> 00:23:56,360
[reporter] Here,
one of the detainees in this case
431
00:23:56,440 --> 00:23:59,360
the woman Margarita Graciana Di Tulio, 48,
432
00:23:59,440 --> 00:24:02,000
is transferred to one
of the mobile police stations.
433
00:24:02,600 --> 00:24:04,000
They've gotta be kidding with this.
434
00:24:04,080 --> 00:24:06,360
[reporter 1] Why did they bring you in?
What about the gun?
435
00:24:07,840 --> 00:24:10,000
[reporter 2] Of course,
they said they were innocent
436
00:24:10,080 --> 00:24:11,560
and that the truth will come out.
437
00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:14,040
-[reporter 3] What do you have to say?
-This is a lie. A farce.
438
00:24:14,120 --> 00:24:16,200
[reporter 4] Why did they
drag you into this?
439
00:24:18,560 --> 00:24:22,320
My name is Alejandro Vecchi. I'm a lawyer.
440
00:24:22,400 --> 00:24:23,880
ATTORNEY FOR THE CABEZAS FAMILY
441
00:24:23,960 --> 00:24:26,760
And I was lucky enough
to be called by Mauro Viale,
442
00:24:28,360 --> 00:24:30,120
who had a program on ATC.
443
00:24:30,200 --> 00:24:32,720
Every time I had a police case,
he had me on.
444
00:24:33,680 --> 00:24:36,840
First statement says, "There are no
politicians, no police involved in this."
445
00:24:36,920 --> 00:24:38,440
-How curious, right?
-Yes.
446
00:24:38,520 --> 00:24:40,680
He looks more like
the defense attorney than a witness.
447
00:24:42,440 --> 00:24:45,200
At that moment,
when I arrived on that program,
448
00:24:45,880 --> 00:24:48,520
the tension from the crime
against José Luis Cabezas
449
00:24:48,600 --> 00:24:50,320
was overshadowing everything.
450
00:24:50,400 --> 00:24:52,040
No issue was more important.
451
00:24:52,640 --> 00:24:58,240
And I had seen on TV that some people
had been arrested in the Cabezas case.
452
00:24:58,320 --> 00:25:00,680
So, it occurred to me
to say something very simple.
453
00:25:02,360 --> 00:25:04,920
"I find it striking
that the detainees have lawyers
454
00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:07,000
and the family does not have a lawyer."
455
00:25:08,680 --> 00:25:10,440
My only suggestion was to the family:
456
00:25:11,080 --> 00:25:14,400
"Find someone you trust
and start working on Dolores's file,
457
00:25:14,480 --> 00:25:16,040
because the truth is there."
458
00:25:16,120 --> 00:25:19,280
"What is in that file is going
to be the end of the story."
459
00:25:19,360 --> 00:25:20,800
[gentle piano music playing]
460
00:25:20,880 --> 00:25:24,800
When the program ends, all of Cabezas'
relatives come over to me and say,
461
00:25:24,880 --> 00:25:26,960
"Doctor, we just want you to..."
462
00:25:27,680 --> 00:25:29,680
I was with my daughters, they were young.
463
00:25:29,760 --> 00:25:32,480
I wanted to leave.
I wanted to get out of there.
464
00:25:32,560 --> 00:25:36,440
I didn't want to participate in that,
because for me it was a case...
465
00:25:36,520 --> 00:25:39,760
It was a UFO that had fallen.
I mean, it was this huge deal.
466
00:25:39,840 --> 00:25:42,360
At first I said,
"No, I'm not going to accept it."
467
00:25:42,440 --> 00:25:44,280
At home, I said no.
468
00:25:44,360 --> 00:25:45,800
And then they called me.
469
00:25:45,880 --> 00:25:49,080
And the truth is
that I went to see the Cabezas family.
470
00:25:49,160 --> 00:25:50,600
And there I met José,
471
00:25:50,680 --> 00:25:51,760
Norma, Gladys…
472
00:25:51,840 --> 00:25:55,280
Well, I met a family that…
I don't know, it could be mine.
473
00:25:56,120 --> 00:25:58,240
I loved him very much.
I loved him so much.
474
00:25:58,320 --> 00:25:59,360
NORMA
THE MOTHER
475
00:25:59,440 --> 00:26:01,520
You can't imagine how much I loved my--
476
00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:05,440
I felt so proud of my children.
And José Luis was my eyes.
477
00:26:06,880 --> 00:26:11,120
The only thing a person like José Luis
deserved was to be hugged and kissed,
478
00:26:11,200 --> 00:26:13,400
because I haven't seen
anyone better than that boy.
479
00:26:16,760 --> 00:26:18,520
[Vecchi] When I arrived
at the Dolores court,
480
00:26:18,600 --> 00:26:20,840
I found the judge
was completely disoriented.
481
00:26:21,920 --> 00:26:25,200
And I found myself arguing a case
that was already contaminated.
482
00:26:26,880 --> 00:26:30,280
The star witness
was Carlos Alberto Redruello,
483
00:26:31,080 --> 00:26:34,120
a swindler with a record
in several provinces.
484
00:26:34,200 --> 00:26:36,160
He ends up in the Bahía Blanca prison.
485
00:26:36,760 --> 00:26:38,640
Evidence in his favor comes to light,
486
00:26:38,720 --> 00:26:41,560
and he gets out six
or seven months before the murder.
487
00:26:44,320 --> 00:26:46,280
On instructions
from the police headquarters
488
00:26:46,360 --> 00:26:48,000
of the province of Buenos Aires,
489
00:26:49,160 --> 00:26:50,600
this man had received a car,
490
00:26:50,680 --> 00:26:52,120
a cell phone,
491
00:26:52,200 --> 00:26:55,920
and had transformed from an ex-convict
into a police informant.
492
00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:58,680
That is, a police spy,
493
00:26:58,760 --> 00:27:02,720
who was going to investigate some
drug trafficking lines in Mar del Plata.
494
00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:10,760
He even saw the group's phone messages,
saying that these people were very upset
495
00:27:10,840 --> 00:27:16,000
because Cabezas had been making
inquiries about drug deals at the port.
496
00:27:18,360 --> 00:27:20,320
But there were also some suspicions
497
00:27:20,400 --> 00:27:22,600
that Cabezas
might have wanted to blackmail them,
498
00:27:22,680 --> 00:27:25,640
that he might have had something on them.
499
00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:30,400
INVESTIGATING THE LIFE
OF THE MURDERED JOURNALIST
500
00:27:30,480 --> 00:27:33,520
The story was that
José Luis Cabezas was a blackmailer,
501
00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:37,240
who made a living taking photos
and trying to get money from people.
502
00:27:38,520 --> 00:27:40,480
[suspenseful music playing]
503
00:27:42,080 --> 00:27:45,600
Any investigation manual,
any criminology manual,
504
00:27:45,680 --> 00:27:49,400
highlights the importance
of investigating the victim.
505
00:27:52,520 --> 00:27:54,440
[Vecchi] It's not that
you can't investigate.
506
00:27:54,520 --> 00:27:55,960
Sure, you can investigate,
507
00:27:56,040 --> 00:27:59,360
but you can't make accusations
in a case that started 15 minutes ago.
508
00:28:00,400 --> 00:28:02,480
First off, it was Mar del Plata.
509
00:28:02,560 --> 00:28:04,080
We were in another universe,
510
00:28:04,160 --> 00:28:05,200
which was Pinamar.
511
00:28:05,280 --> 00:28:07,520
And we had no contact with that world.
512
00:28:07,600 --> 00:28:10,400
We hadn't even investigated it,
that's what I'm saying.
513
00:28:20,280 --> 00:28:22,600
I don't know what's happening
in this country,
514
00:28:22,680 --> 00:28:25,880
but they are… doing it to my son.
515
00:28:25,960 --> 00:28:28,280
What are they doing?
What more do you want?
516
00:28:28,360 --> 00:28:30,800
What do they want,
beyond what they have done to us?
517
00:28:32,880 --> 00:28:35,840
When I went to the Cabezas' house
for the first time,
518
00:28:37,600 --> 00:28:40,720
they asked me if I could
accompany them to a meeting
519
00:28:40,800 --> 00:28:42,600
with the governor, Eduardo Duhalde.
520
00:28:42,680 --> 00:28:45,520
[imperceptible]
521
00:28:48,240 --> 00:28:51,480
And before we left, he asked me
if he could talk to me alone.
522
00:28:52,160 --> 00:28:55,320
And, well, he told me
that he was available,
523
00:28:55,400 --> 00:28:57,720
that this was
a very important case for him,
524
00:28:58,520 --> 00:29:02,920
that he wanted to know who was responsible
for killing José Luis Cabezas.
525
00:29:03,760 --> 00:29:05,760
[Duhalde] I have a commitment
to Cabezas's parents,
526
00:29:05,840 --> 00:29:08,640
in the sense that one day,
I will come here, to this neighborhood,
527
00:29:08,720 --> 00:29:11,600
to tell them, before anyone else,
who murdered their son.
528
00:29:13,120 --> 00:29:16,000
I remember that I had
a very strange feeling.
529
00:29:16,560 --> 00:29:20,120
A mixture of fear, mistrust and respect.
530
00:29:23,000 --> 00:29:28,080
There was also a kind of mafia atmosphere
from the police, from the government.
531
00:29:29,640 --> 00:29:33,160
What if it's the police?
What if he represents the police too?
532
00:29:37,760 --> 00:29:42,160
DOLORES
BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE
533
00:29:43,520 --> 00:29:45,680
[Cazeaux] Dolores is the town
where I was born,
534
00:29:45,760 --> 00:29:48,680
the town I know, where they know me.
535
00:29:48,760 --> 00:29:50,920
There aren't many of us,
we all know each other.
536
00:29:51,480 --> 00:29:53,440
I live in a very quiet place.
537
00:29:56,560 --> 00:29:59,000
The town itself was transformed.
538
00:30:02,120 --> 00:30:06,800
[Maciel] A small city was suddenly invaded
by the largest case in Argentina,
539
00:30:06,880 --> 00:30:08,320
and in the region.
540
00:30:08,400 --> 00:30:11,760
The city was flooded with
an influx of journalistic media,
541
00:30:11,840 --> 00:30:13,680
that overwhelmed it.
542
00:30:17,080 --> 00:30:21,200
[Cazeaux] The town was full
of news vans, cables lining the streets,
543
00:30:21,280 --> 00:30:24,200
people running,
cafeterias full of journalists.
544
00:30:24,720 --> 00:30:27,680
It shocked the town for a long time.
545
00:30:29,960 --> 00:30:34,720
[Maciel] Judge Macchi and his court clerk
had no experience speaking to the media.
546
00:30:35,480 --> 00:30:37,680
[reporter] What certainty
can you provide then, doctor?
547
00:30:37,760 --> 00:30:39,080
[Maciel] The case was hot.
548
00:30:39,160 --> 00:30:41,280
[Cazeaux] When I heard people
talk about the town judge,
549
00:30:41,360 --> 00:30:44,680
and he liked to be referred to
as the town judge,
550
00:30:44,760 --> 00:30:47,360
I would say,
"You don't know the town judge."
551
00:30:47,440 --> 00:30:50,200
Because he really was
an extremely capable person
552
00:30:50,280 --> 00:30:53,120
but he was referred to disparagingly
as "the town judge."
553
00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:54,240
JUDICIAL AUTHORITY
554
00:30:56,600 --> 00:30:59,080
[Maciel] We journalists
were totally malleable.
555
00:30:59,160 --> 00:31:03,480
We could be manipulated from anywhere,
and we didn't know where the truth was.
556
00:31:05,800 --> 00:31:08,680
[reporter] Carlos Menem sent the Minister
of the Interior, Carlos Córach,
557
00:31:08,760 --> 00:31:11,400
and the Secretary General
of the Presidency, Alberto Kohan,
558
00:31:11,480 --> 00:31:12,800
to Dolores to speak to the judge.
559
00:31:13,760 --> 00:31:17,200
A very routine visit, in which
they made themselves available
560
00:31:17,280 --> 00:31:21,280
and offered all the resources that
were necessary to clarify the facts.
561
00:31:22,280 --> 00:31:25,320
When they left Dr. Macchi's office
and met with the press,
562
00:31:25,400 --> 00:31:28,040
they provided verification
that the expert's report
563
00:31:28,120 --> 00:31:29,760
had yielded a positive result,
564
00:31:30,400 --> 00:31:34,800
which, in some way,
concluded or clarified the facts, right?
565
00:31:35,480 --> 00:31:37,720
MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR
REPUBLIC OF ARGENTINA, 1995 - 1999
566
00:31:37,800 --> 00:31:40,400
The judge has confirmed, conclusively,
567
00:31:40,480 --> 00:31:43,840
that the recovered weapon,
one of the weapons that was recovered,
568
00:31:43,920 --> 00:31:46,080
according to the forensic analysis,
569
00:31:46,160 --> 00:31:48,040
is undoubtedly the weapon
570
00:31:48,120 --> 00:31:52,760
with which the murder
of Mr. José Luis Cabezas was committed.
571
00:31:54,000 --> 00:31:55,920
That drew a lot of attention,
572
00:31:56,000 --> 00:31:58,640
because the official report
was not out yet.
573
00:31:59,920 --> 00:32:02,000
The stance of the judge, in those days,
574
00:32:02,080 --> 00:32:04,640
after crimes committed
by top-level officials,
575
00:32:04,720 --> 00:32:08,720
was to stand at the door of the courthouse
and say that the case had been resolved.
576
00:32:08,800 --> 00:32:10,440
That was already ugly.
577
00:32:11,480 --> 00:32:13,880
[Corach] This investigation
is the responsibility
578
00:32:13,960 --> 00:32:17,000
of the provincial justice system
of Buenos Aires
579
00:32:17,080 --> 00:32:19,560
and the Buenos Aires provincial police.
580
00:32:20,720 --> 00:32:21,760
I am convinced
581
00:32:21,840 --> 00:32:25,520
that those responsible for these
serious events happening in the province
582
00:32:25,600 --> 00:32:27,400
are clearly coming from here.
583
00:32:27,480 --> 00:32:29,080
I never overlooked my responsibility.
584
00:32:29,160 --> 00:32:31,440
[intriguing music playing]
585
00:32:31,520 --> 00:32:34,440
[Michi] Duhalde was a very
important figure at that time
586
00:32:34,520 --> 00:32:37,000
because he was governor
of the province of Buenos Aires
587
00:32:37,080 --> 00:32:39,440
and he wanted to be
a presidential nominee.
588
00:32:39,520 --> 00:32:43,400
And that caused him to fight with his
former political partner, Carlos Menem.
589
00:32:44,560 --> 00:32:48,040
[Zunino] Eduardo Duhalde was
the vice president in Menem's first term.
590
00:32:48,120 --> 00:32:49,800
He later became governor of the province
591
00:32:49,880 --> 00:32:53,000
and was the one who was running
to be Carlos Menem's successor.
592
00:32:55,400 --> 00:32:58,160
[Raul Aragon] There were mutual
accusations, textbook politics.
593
00:32:58,240 --> 00:33:00,240
"First of all,
I had nothing to do with it,"
594
00:33:00,320 --> 00:33:01,960
the president says, the governor says.
595
00:33:02,040 --> 00:33:04,880
Because they were the two people
with the greatest power,
596
00:33:04,960 --> 00:33:07,920
the national power and the power
of the province of Buenos Aires,
597
00:33:08,000 --> 00:33:09,200
which was 40% of the country.
598
00:33:10,800 --> 00:33:15,240
Everyone saw the news, how political darts
were being thrown between the two.
599
00:33:16,320 --> 00:33:18,560
[reporter] The murder
of José Luis Cabezas,
600
00:33:18,640 --> 00:33:20,560
which Governor Duhalde could interpret
601
00:33:20,640 --> 00:33:24,400
as a warning against his attempt
to reach the presidential office,
602
00:33:24,480 --> 00:33:25,880
is a campaign issue.
603
00:33:27,600 --> 00:33:30,600
That week,
the week after the assassination,
604
00:33:30,680 --> 00:33:33,480
we had rented a club in General Madariaga,
605
00:33:33,560 --> 00:33:36,640
where I was going to launch
my presidential campaign.
606
00:33:38,320 --> 00:33:40,240
The murder, obviously,
607
00:33:40,320 --> 00:33:44,600
caused me to stop,
in the midst of everything that happened.
608
00:33:46,640 --> 00:33:49,160
I was absolutely shocked.
609
00:33:50,920 --> 00:33:51,920
JOURNALIST
610
00:33:52,000 --> 00:33:55,280
Duhalde was convinced, at first,
that the body was meant for him,
611
00:33:55,360 --> 00:33:57,440
as a mafia message.
612
00:34:00,440 --> 00:34:05,160
That, let's say, was the death certificate
of his presidential aspirations.
613
00:34:11,840 --> 00:34:16,280
PINAMAR
BUENOS AIRES PROVINCE
614
00:34:16,800 --> 00:34:20,160
[Gaya] It is impossible to kidnap a person
and remove them from Pinamar
615
00:34:20,240 --> 00:34:21,640
without being noticed.
616
00:34:21,720 --> 00:34:24,760
Every block there was a politician,
a businessman.
617
00:34:26,160 --> 00:34:29,400
Pinamar, at the time,
was the place in the Argentine Republic
618
00:34:29,480 --> 00:34:32,520
with the highest concentration
of police per square foot.
619
00:34:34,040 --> 00:34:35,800
That shows us that there was a pattern,
620
00:34:35,880 --> 00:34:38,360
that there was
complicity on behalf of the police.
621
00:34:39,400 --> 00:34:40,560
The handcuffs.
622
00:34:40,640 --> 00:34:43,280
The handcuffs pointed me to the police.
623
00:34:44,680 --> 00:34:48,000
[Cazeaux] It is natural that one
might suspect police intervention
624
00:34:48,080 --> 00:34:51,360
in a crime where fire is used
to destroy evidence.
625
00:34:55,440 --> 00:34:58,400
[indistinct chatter]
626
00:34:58,480 --> 00:35:01,880
[Gaya] Everything that could've been done
early on in the case was not done,
627
00:35:01,960 --> 00:35:03,440
or was done poorly.
628
00:35:03,520 --> 00:35:04,720
Reconstruction of the murder,
629
00:35:04,800 --> 00:35:07,000
everything that could have been found
at the crime scene.
630
00:35:07,080 --> 00:35:10,240
Such clumsiness does not exist
in a police investigation,
631
00:35:10,320 --> 00:35:11,680
unless it's deliberate.
632
00:35:12,720 --> 00:35:13,640
One of the clues
633
00:35:13,720 --> 00:35:16,560
had to do with the possible
participation of police officers,
634
00:35:16,640 --> 00:35:18,640
due to the publication of that photo
635
00:35:18,720 --> 00:35:21,800
with the title "Damn Police"
in the Noticias magazine.
636
00:35:22,560 --> 00:35:26,480
If there was someone we were going after,
it was the Buenos Aires police.
637
00:35:26,560 --> 00:35:28,480
We'd done a magazine cover
titled "Damn Police."
638
00:35:28,560 --> 00:35:30,320
THE DEVIL'S SOLDIERS
639
00:35:30,400 --> 00:35:33,320
[Zunino] A police officer had been
questioned for different reasons,
640
00:35:33,400 --> 00:35:36,720
and Eduardo Duhalde defended
the police with the catchphrase,
641
00:35:36,800 --> 00:35:38,720
"I have the best police force
in the world."
642
00:35:38,800 --> 00:35:40,960
THE ARMY OF THE NIGHT
643
00:35:41,040 --> 00:35:43,320
[Ropero] We were going
after the Buenos Aires police.
644
00:35:43,400 --> 00:35:45,720
We were photographing
the houses of the commissioners.
645
00:35:46,400 --> 00:35:48,600
[Ragendorfer] These guys
had fleets of high-end cars.
646
00:35:48,680 --> 00:35:50,200
One of them even had a yacht.
647
00:35:50,280 --> 00:35:52,400
Another had a house in Beverly Hills.
648
00:35:52,480 --> 00:35:55,920
The main photo from all this
was taken by Cabezas.
649
00:35:56,000 --> 00:35:59,120
It's a photo of Commissioner Klodczyk.
650
00:36:04,000 --> 00:36:06,560
[Michi] José Luis had no qualms
651
00:36:06,640 --> 00:36:09,520
about standing before the desk
of the Buenos Aires chief of police,
652
00:36:09,600 --> 00:36:12,080
Pedro Klodczyck,
who was an all-powerful man
653
00:36:12,160 --> 00:36:15,640
who commanded the most
dangerous forces in Argentina at the time.
654
00:36:15,720 --> 00:36:19,840
José Luis photographed him from above,
as if from another place of power.
655
00:36:21,480 --> 00:36:25,520
Klodczyck with his hat on,
his uniform, his light blue shirt,
656
00:36:25,600 --> 00:36:28,760
his tie, was looking at us
as if he's intimidating.
657
00:36:31,400 --> 00:36:34,120
It is the photo
with the title "Damn Police."
658
00:36:36,120 --> 00:36:39,560
It is very strong to say that,
to show it on the cover.
659
00:36:41,880 --> 00:36:45,480
[Ragendorfer] After interviewing Klodczyck
we left the headquarters in La Plata.
660
00:36:45,560 --> 00:36:50,360
Cabezas said, "One of the satisfactions
that this job gives you
661
00:36:50,440 --> 00:36:53,960
is being able to step on
these sons of bitches' desks."
662
00:36:55,480 --> 00:36:58,920
When that cover came out,
I ordered an investigation.
663
00:36:59,000 --> 00:37:02,160
The investigation confirmed
that there was corruption.
664
00:37:02,240 --> 00:37:05,360
I, myself, when in doubt, fired officials.
665
00:37:06,360 --> 00:37:07,800
Even if I'm not sure.
666
00:37:11,280 --> 00:37:13,320
[Cazeaux] We thought this
could have hurt feelings
667
00:37:13,400 --> 00:37:16,920
and that it could have led someone
to take revenge.
668
00:37:19,720 --> 00:37:23,120
The truth is,
I didn't trust the Buenos Aires police,
669
00:37:23,200 --> 00:37:26,360
because I had worked
on the famous "Damn Police" article.
670
00:37:26,440 --> 00:37:28,520
And I knew how they worked, so…
671
00:37:28,600 --> 00:37:31,280
so they didn't inspire
any confidence in me.
672
00:37:31,880 --> 00:37:35,560
My first statement
was from January 25th, at 11:00 p.m.,
673
00:37:35,640 --> 00:37:36,840
the same day of the crime.
674
00:37:36,920 --> 00:37:39,120
That was before
the General Madariaga police,
675
00:37:39,200 --> 00:37:41,200
and then they took me
to an adjoining room,
676
00:37:41,280 --> 00:37:44,800
where the Dolores Investigation Brigade
took my statement.
677
00:37:46,080 --> 00:37:49,520
That night, we are talking about
the night of January 25th,
678
00:37:49,600 --> 00:37:53,000
they begin to ask me
what investigations we had done.
679
00:37:53,080 --> 00:37:55,560
So I start to tell him,
and towards the end,
680
00:37:55,640 --> 00:37:58,680
he says, "Don't be afraid.
You don't have to be afraid."
681
00:37:58,760 --> 00:38:01,160
"Why are you so afraid?
We are here to take care of you."
682
00:38:03,240 --> 00:38:05,600
"Give us something, even just one thing,"
683
00:38:05,680 --> 00:38:08,640
so they start looking
for the first article I mentioned.
684
00:38:08,720 --> 00:38:11,920
And what was it?
The one at the Ara Pacis Hotel.
685
00:38:12,720 --> 00:38:16,280
And he asks,
"Who does the Ara Pacis belong to?"
686
00:38:16,360 --> 00:38:18,760
And the other policeman says, "Yabrán."
687
00:38:18,840 --> 00:38:21,120
The commissioner turns pale,
688
00:38:21,200 --> 00:38:22,640
he looks at me and says,
689
00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:25,640
"Oh, kid, now I understand
why you're afraid."
690
00:38:29,560 --> 00:38:32,920
[Zunino] Talking about Alfredo Yabrán,
in the Argentine Republic,
691
00:38:33,000 --> 00:38:34,840
was almost something that was…
692
00:38:37,840 --> 00:38:38,800
forbidden.
693
00:38:43,120 --> 00:38:46,360
He was someone
we were advised not to investigate.
694
00:38:46,440 --> 00:38:47,720
"Don't mess with him."
695
00:38:49,040 --> 00:38:51,880
Saying "stay away"
was almost a provocation.
696
00:38:52,600 --> 00:38:55,000
Let us try to know what cannot be known.
697
00:38:57,240 --> 00:38:59,920
[tense music playing]
698
00:39:04,280 --> 00:39:06,560
[Manuel Lazo] Yabrán was
from a Syrian family,
699
00:39:06,640 --> 00:39:09,920
one of the many immigrant families
who arrived in Entre Ríos.
700
00:39:10,000 --> 00:39:13,560
A family dedicated to business,
to commerce, mainly.
701
00:39:13,640 --> 00:39:15,520
He was a native of Larroque.
702
00:39:16,600 --> 00:39:18,880
LARROQUE
ENTRE RÍOS PROVINCE
703
00:39:18,960 --> 00:39:21,760
He emigrated to Buenos Aires
at a very young age,
704
00:39:21,840 --> 00:39:23,880
and started doing business.
705
00:39:23,960 --> 00:39:25,960
First with the military dictatorship.
706
00:39:27,040 --> 00:39:29,840
Then later,
with the democratic governments.
707
00:39:31,840 --> 00:39:35,720
The first time I heard the name Yabrán
was in September 1991.
708
00:39:35,800 --> 00:39:37,720
That's when I found out
that he had, for years,
709
00:39:37,800 --> 00:39:39,800
been involved
with the governments of the day,
710
00:39:39,880 --> 00:39:41,680
especially the national government
711
00:39:41,760 --> 00:39:44,600
and with the Catholic Church
and the air force.
712
00:39:44,680 --> 00:39:48,640
But I didn't know him because I had
never seen Yabrán's name in any media.
713
00:39:50,640 --> 00:39:54,120
[Michi] Everything that had to do
with Yabrán had to do with secrets.
714
00:39:54,200 --> 00:39:55,880
You know? Hidden secrets.
715
00:39:55,960 --> 00:39:59,320
When Noticias started
the first investigation into Yabrán,
716
00:39:59,400 --> 00:40:01,600
different sources of power
tried to stop it.
717
00:40:02,960 --> 00:40:05,280
It even resulted in a police incident,
718
00:40:05,360 --> 00:40:08,080
because the journalist
and the photographer
719
00:40:08,160 --> 00:40:12,040
who went to take the photo of the fortress
that Yabrán had in Martínez,
720
00:40:12,120 --> 00:40:15,080
ended up being driven
out of the place with gunfire.
721
00:40:15,160 --> 00:40:16,800
[gunshots]
722
00:40:16,880 --> 00:40:20,680
We wrote an article several pages long
about the incident,
723
00:40:21,520 --> 00:40:25,160
of Yabrán's background,
from Entre Ríos to the present,
724
00:40:25,240 --> 00:40:26,960
and, well, for the first time,
725
00:40:27,040 --> 00:40:29,840
we put the Yabrán issue
before public opinion.
726
00:40:31,160 --> 00:40:33,240
The Yabrán enigma.
727
00:40:35,880 --> 00:40:37,120
[Michi] For many, he was
728
00:40:37,200 --> 00:40:40,000
the most important businessman
in Argentina in the 1990s.
729
00:40:40,080 --> 00:40:43,280
They said Yabrán's fortune
reached four billion dollars.
730
00:40:43,360 --> 00:40:45,600
But he also had control over management
731
00:40:45,680 --> 00:40:48,480
of the most sensitive sectors
of the country.
732
00:40:50,640 --> 00:40:52,800
He had private mail through OCA,
733
00:40:52,880 --> 00:40:55,040
bank clearing through OCASA.
734
00:40:56,760 --> 00:40:59,240
[Zunino] All the business
at the Ezeiza airport
735
00:40:59,320 --> 00:41:00,920
and the other airports in the country,
736
00:41:01,000 --> 00:41:05,240
in addition to the tax warehouses
with the company EDCADASSA.
737
00:41:05,320 --> 00:41:09,680
The loading and unloading of planes
with the company Intercargo,
738
00:41:09,760 --> 00:41:11,680
the free shops, the duty free.
739
00:41:13,240 --> 00:41:15,720
[Michi] In other words,
if a product arrived in Argentina,
740
00:41:15,800 --> 00:41:19,240
everything went through Yabrán,
without anyone intervening.
741
00:41:19,320 --> 00:41:20,480
CUSTOMS
742
00:41:20,560 --> 00:41:22,600
That gave him absolute power.
743
00:41:22,680 --> 00:41:24,080
SECRETARY OF COMMUNICATIONS
744
00:41:26,840 --> 00:41:29,800
[reporter] The government will pass a bill
to privatize the post office.
745
00:41:29,880 --> 00:41:34,400
During the last years, the controversy
over the execution of the privatization
746
00:41:34,480 --> 00:41:36,040
was ignited by Domingo Cavallo,
747
00:41:36,120 --> 00:41:39,280
who warned that Alfredo Yabrán
should not be privileged.
748
00:41:40,120 --> 00:41:43,520
The plan is to raise this issue
as a dispute of interests.
749
00:41:43,600 --> 00:41:45,920
On the one hand, there is Mr. Yabrán,
750
00:41:46,000 --> 00:41:48,000
representing the interest
of his post office,
751
00:41:48,080 --> 00:41:49,640
and on the other hand, myself.
752
00:41:49,720 --> 00:41:52,920
[suspenseful music playing]
753
00:41:53,000 --> 00:41:57,200
[González] President Menem had found
a key economic ally in Domingo Cavallo.
754
00:41:58,360 --> 00:41:59,640
[camera shutter clicking]
755
00:42:00,320 --> 00:42:04,720
Doctor Domingo Felipe Cavallo,
do you swear to God…
756
00:42:06,960 --> 00:42:10,320
[González] Cavallo had a personality
and a political future
757
00:42:10,400 --> 00:42:13,240
that he considered to be
at the level of Menem.
758
00:42:14,240 --> 00:42:18,000
If he does not do so,
may God and the nation find him out.
759
00:42:19,440 --> 00:42:22,400
[González] A prominent character
in economic policy.
760
00:42:23,760 --> 00:42:26,600
Champion of the idea of convertibility.
761
00:42:28,480 --> 00:42:31,720
They found a way to attack
an endemic problem in Argentina,
762
00:42:31,800 --> 00:42:33,360
which was inflation.
763
00:42:33,440 --> 00:42:36,120
They tied the peso to the dollar by law.
764
00:42:36,200 --> 00:42:39,520
CAVALLO'S COMPLAINT BEFORE CONGRESS
AUGUST 23, 1995
765
00:42:40,760 --> 00:42:43,600
All this hypothesis and this presumption,
766
00:42:43,680 --> 00:42:47,680
almost a conviction,
that Mr. Yabrán leads a mafia.
767
00:42:47,760 --> 00:42:51,800
I have been building this case
with the accumulation of information.
768
00:42:51,880 --> 00:42:55,320
Mr. Yabrán wanted to destroy
the official mail.
769
00:42:55,400 --> 00:42:59,120
Mr. Yabrán wanted
to monopolize the post office.
770
00:43:00,360 --> 00:43:02,480
[Zunino] After Cavallo's announcement,
771
00:43:02,560 --> 00:43:04,760
the Yabrán case became,
among other things,
772
00:43:04,840 --> 00:43:07,200
an extreme political issue in Argentina.
773
00:43:09,760 --> 00:43:13,120
Was it the mail or was it
all these ranges of businesses?
774
00:43:13,200 --> 00:43:18,760
Where, if you manage the fiscal warehouses
of goods coming in and out,
775
00:43:19,760 --> 00:43:22,080
the loading and unloading of planes,
776
00:43:22,160 --> 00:43:25,880
the mail vans that circulate
through all the routes of the country,
777
00:43:25,960 --> 00:43:27,480
it's more than mail.
778
00:43:28,120 --> 00:43:29,520
It is a state within a state.
779
00:43:30,480 --> 00:43:33,600
It's a fight for power, not for the mail.
780
00:43:34,680 --> 00:43:37,320
Menem said that
he did not know the activities
781
00:43:37,400 --> 00:43:39,760
to which his economic minister
was referring.
782
00:43:39,840 --> 00:43:41,600
He said to ask Cavallo.
783
00:43:41,680 --> 00:43:44,320
Clearly, there was an internal dispute.
784
00:43:44,400 --> 00:43:46,640
Domingo Cavallo left the government.
785
00:43:49,080 --> 00:43:52,320
[Zunino] It was after the split
between Menem and Cavallo.
786
00:43:52,400 --> 00:43:55,000
Nothing was the same after that happened.
787
00:43:57,000 --> 00:44:00,600
Cavallo approaches Carlos Menem's rival,
Eduardo Duhalde.
788
00:44:02,000 --> 00:44:07,840
And, clearly after that, Domingo Cavallo
became not only an accuser of Yabrán,
789
00:44:08,760 --> 00:44:11,160
but also a political opponent of Menem.
790
00:44:14,040 --> 00:44:17,080
[Michi] When the economic minister,
Domingo Cavallo,
791
00:44:17,160 --> 00:44:20,760
made the accusation of an existing mafia,
entrenched in power,
792
00:44:20,840 --> 00:44:23,480
and that the head of that mafia
was Alfredo Yabrán,
793
00:44:23,560 --> 00:44:26,720
it was as if the lights
of all journalism were turned on
794
00:44:26,800 --> 00:44:29,840
to see who this previously
unknown character was.
795
00:44:31,680 --> 00:44:33,520
[Cavallo] To me, they are mafias.
796
00:44:33,600 --> 00:44:35,240
Why are they mafias?
797
00:44:35,320 --> 00:44:37,680
They hide, they don't show their faces.
798
00:44:37,760 --> 00:44:40,040
There aren't even any known photos.
799
00:44:40,840 --> 00:44:43,360
I was attempting an interview
with Alfredo Yabrán.
800
00:44:44,880 --> 00:44:46,880
[González] I told the director
of the magazine,
801
00:44:46,960 --> 00:44:49,640
who at that time was Héctor D'Amico,
802
00:44:49,720 --> 00:44:53,840
and he told me that he remembered
a journalist who thought he knew Yabrán.
803
00:44:54,720 --> 00:44:58,560
He answered a day or two later
that Yabrán wanted to see us.
804
00:44:58,640 --> 00:45:02,360
[tense music playing]
805
00:45:02,440 --> 00:45:04,640
[González] We arrived at Yabrán's mansion.
806
00:45:04,720 --> 00:45:07,600
He welcomed us
with open arms on the sidewalk.
807
00:45:09,520 --> 00:45:12,720
And he made us enter the chalet,
a guest chalet.
808
00:45:15,880 --> 00:45:18,880
He was trying to appear
very empathetic with us.
809
00:45:18,960 --> 00:45:20,400
He was very sympathetic,
810
00:45:20,480 --> 00:45:23,280
but denied not only
all of our investigations,
811
00:45:23,360 --> 00:45:25,240
but Cavallo's claims.
812
00:45:25,320 --> 00:45:27,840
Over and over
we tried setting up an interview,
813
00:45:27,920 --> 00:45:30,800
trying to convince him
that he had to come out of the darkness.
814
00:45:30,880 --> 00:45:34,080
If he had nothing to hide,
it would serve him well.
815
00:45:34,160 --> 00:45:37,240
He told us no, that he was not going
to give any interviews.
816
00:45:38,600 --> 00:45:41,880
Finally, we convinced him
to answer five questions.
817
00:45:43,440 --> 00:45:46,040
And then, we tried to do the photo.
818
00:45:46,120 --> 00:45:47,600
And he told us,
819
00:45:48,280 --> 00:45:52,120
"Having my picture taken
is like shooting myself in the head."
820
00:45:53,360 --> 00:45:55,880
And he pressed his finger to his temple.
821
00:45:59,520 --> 00:46:03,200
We returned to the newsroom
with more than just a story,
822
00:46:03,280 --> 00:46:06,640
with some words that gave voice to Yabrán.
823
00:46:07,960 --> 00:46:09,040
But without a photo.
824
00:46:09,120 --> 00:46:11,760
[intriguing music playing]
825
00:46:14,440 --> 00:46:16,280
[Michi] In the summer of 1996,
826
00:46:16,360 --> 00:46:20,400
we already had information that this
businessman had investments in Pinamar.
827
00:46:20,480 --> 00:46:21,320
GOLF TERRACES
828
00:46:21,400 --> 00:46:23,880
[Zunino] After Cavallo's accusations,
829
00:46:23,960 --> 00:46:26,760
getting the image
of Alfredo Yabrán in a photo
830
00:46:26,840 --> 00:46:28,480
was one of the central objectives.
831
00:46:30,440 --> 00:46:32,200
[Michi] Yabrán's house had been covered,
832
00:46:32,280 --> 00:46:35,160
which, since he liked
to play this mystery thing,
833
00:46:35,240 --> 00:46:37,000
he had named "Narbay,"
834
00:46:37,080 --> 00:46:38,840
which is "Yabrán" backwards.
835
00:46:42,240 --> 00:46:43,520
In mid-February,
836
00:46:43,600 --> 00:46:47,880
we were about to close up shop
and return with José Luis.
837
00:46:47,960 --> 00:46:51,960
One of my sources calls me and says,
"Uncle is coming tomorrow."
838
00:46:52,040 --> 00:46:53,840
"Uncle" was Yabrán,
839
00:46:53,920 --> 00:46:57,720
who generated so much fear
that no one dared say his name.
840
00:47:07,480 --> 00:47:11,520
We agreed with José Luis
to stakeout Yabrán's house at 7:00 a.m.
841
00:47:14,400 --> 00:47:16,080
Suddenly, we saw him arriving.
842
00:47:16,960 --> 00:47:20,000
And José Luis takes a photo
of Yabrán entering the house,
843
00:47:20,080 --> 00:47:21,640
but from behind.
844
00:47:21,720 --> 00:47:22,880
The image wasn't good.
845
00:47:24,160 --> 00:47:27,800
A source told me which cabanas
Yabrán had reserved,
846
00:47:27,880 --> 00:47:30,400
in Pinamar, that summer of '96.
847
00:47:35,920 --> 00:47:38,600
One other thing that they told me
about Yabrán's habits
848
00:47:38,680 --> 00:47:40,520
was that he had a routine.
849
00:47:42,720 --> 00:47:45,120
He didn't like going
to the beach in the morning,
850
00:47:45,200 --> 00:47:46,520
he went out at 4:00 p.m.
851
00:47:48,760 --> 00:47:51,680
We went with José Luis's wife,
some friends.
852
00:47:52,480 --> 00:47:53,880
And, at one point,
853
00:47:54,680 --> 00:47:57,760
a person comes and puts
a beach chair in front of us.
854
00:47:57,840 --> 00:48:01,320
And my wife asks me,
"Does he look like this guy?"
855
00:48:01,400 --> 00:48:03,720
And I say, "He is this guy."
856
00:48:06,440 --> 00:48:07,640
We stood there looking.
857
00:48:07,720 --> 00:48:09,000
We saw Yabrán.
858
00:48:09,080 --> 00:48:10,600
Yabrán was very identifiable.
859
00:48:10,680 --> 00:48:13,440
He was a very big,
corpulent, gray-haired guy.
860
00:48:14,160 --> 00:48:16,280
But José Luis said,
"I don't have an angle,"
861
00:48:16,360 --> 00:48:18,480
because there were a lot of people.
It was summer.
862
00:48:18,560 --> 00:48:20,560
There were lots of people on the beach.
863
00:48:23,640 --> 00:48:28,200
After a while, we see Yabrán walking north
with his wife, to where we were.
864
00:48:28,280 --> 00:48:30,880
José Luis tells me,
"I don't have an angle for the shot."
865
00:48:30,960 --> 00:48:34,280
I tell him, "Look, if he leaves,
he's going to have to come back."
866
00:48:35,600 --> 00:48:39,760
And then like 40 minutes later,
which was an eternity,
867
00:48:39,840 --> 00:48:41,040
we saw him coming back.
868
00:48:41,120 --> 00:48:44,920
And Cristina, José Luis' wife, is posing.
869
00:48:47,400 --> 00:48:50,040
But actually,
they were taking pictures of Yabrán.
870
00:48:54,920 --> 00:48:57,160
When José Luis lined up the shot,
871
00:48:57,240 --> 00:49:00,840
at that moment, we knew that
it was going to be an impactful photo.
872
00:49:00,920 --> 00:49:03,800
That adrenaline
of achieving something different,
873
00:49:03,880 --> 00:49:05,640
from a journalistic point of view,
874
00:49:05,720 --> 00:49:08,880
moved us to get
what everyone was looking for.
875
00:49:08,960 --> 00:49:12,040
But maybe we didn't consider
the consequences.
876
00:49:15,360 --> 00:49:18,920
My part of that article had to do
with Yabrán's business in Pinamar
877
00:49:19,000 --> 00:49:23,400
and the plans for a marina that he wanted
to build, that would be very striking.
878
00:49:23,480 --> 00:49:25,440
But the numbers didn't add up.
879
00:49:25,520 --> 00:49:28,960
In Pinamar there was talk
of money laundering or drug trafficking.
880
00:49:33,360 --> 00:49:35,680
We went back to the office
we had in Pinamar,
881
00:49:35,760 --> 00:49:39,000
and José Luis calls his boss who asks,
"What do you have?"
882
00:49:39,080 --> 00:49:41,960
"Well, I have Yabrán,
walking on the beach with his wife."
883
00:49:42,040 --> 00:49:43,160
[dings]
884
00:49:43,240 --> 00:49:45,800
[Michi] Noticias is revolutionized.
885
00:49:45,880 --> 00:49:49,040
The roll is sent to Buenos Aires
to be developed.
886
00:49:49,720 --> 00:49:52,440
The films rolls arrived.
I was the first one to see them.
887
00:49:52,520 --> 00:49:55,040
I saw the photo, I looked at it
and said, "Great shot."
888
00:49:55,120 --> 00:49:56,400
Because it was, you know?
889
00:49:56,480 --> 00:49:58,920
Clear, clean,
with the background out of focus.
890
00:50:00,160 --> 00:50:04,200
[Michi] Two weeks later, Noticias came out
with the title, "Yabrán Attacks Again"
891
00:50:04,280 --> 00:50:06,280
and Yabrán's image on the cover.
892
00:50:06,360 --> 00:50:08,360
That was revolution in journalism.
893
00:50:08,440 --> 00:50:11,720
You could say it was the photo
that everyone was waiting for.
894
00:50:13,280 --> 00:50:15,280
[dramatic music playing]
895
00:50:19,400 --> 00:50:20,680
[music fades]
896
00:50:25,960 --> 00:50:29,560
[Zunino] Next summer,
the summer of '96-'97,
897
00:50:29,640 --> 00:50:31,720
obviously Yabrán was the subject.
898
00:50:31,800 --> 00:50:33,200
It's still a hot topic.
899
00:50:35,400 --> 00:50:39,240
[Michi] And we returned to Pinamar
with a goal that we had set for ourselves,
900
00:50:39,320 --> 00:50:41,040
which was to maximize the chance
901
00:50:41,120 --> 00:50:43,200
of getting an interview with Yabrán,
902
00:50:43,280 --> 00:50:45,400
All-inclusive, as we used to say.
903
00:50:45,480 --> 00:50:47,960
That is, with photos, notes, and more.
904
00:50:53,000 --> 00:50:56,920
José Luis arrives around
December 15th, 1996,
905
00:50:57,000 --> 00:50:59,280
and I arrive around December 20th.
906
00:50:59,360 --> 00:51:00,880
When I arrive, José Luis tells me,
907
00:51:00,960 --> 00:51:03,360
"Hey, a source told me
that Yabrán's people
908
00:51:03,440 --> 00:51:06,400
were trying to find out
my address in Buenos Aires."
909
00:51:07,040 --> 00:51:09,480
For me it was like a joke, you know?
910
00:51:12,360 --> 00:51:15,440
I do not have José Luis on record
telling me specifically
911
00:51:15,520 --> 00:51:17,200
that they were threatening him.
912
00:51:19,080 --> 00:51:22,200
I do know that he wasn't
entirely comfortable
913
00:51:23,080 --> 00:51:26,680
with how things had turned out
after the last summer's photo.
914
00:51:31,000 --> 00:51:32,240
An event occurs.
915
00:51:33,760 --> 00:51:37,480
During some coverage that
José Luis and Gabriel go out to do…
916
00:51:39,920 --> 00:51:43,000
one of the tires on their car
gets slashed.
917
00:51:43,880 --> 00:51:45,200
We went to get it patched,
918
00:51:45,280 --> 00:51:48,080
and when we removed the tire,
the mechanic told me,
919
00:51:48,160 --> 00:51:49,680
"Look, this was on purpose."
920
00:51:52,360 --> 00:51:56,120
[González] Gabriel Michi had information
that Yabrán was going to a cookout.
921
00:51:57,880 --> 00:52:00,880
We had heard Yabrán
traveled with a security detail
922
00:52:01,600 --> 00:52:05,680
and Gabriel also verified this
when he was going to try to interview him.
923
00:52:06,840 --> 00:52:09,000
And the guards came out
at the intersection.
924
00:52:13,640 --> 00:52:15,800
[Zunino] And that, well,
could have given us a clue
925
00:52:15,880 --> 00:52:17,560
that this was something serious.
926
00:52:18,440 --> 00:52:20,440
I mean, there could be something serious
927
00:52:20,520 --> 00:52:23,680
amassing around the work
of the Noticias team in Pinamar.
928
00:52:27,360 --> 00:52:30,920
It was known that Yabrán's guards
were somewhat aggressive,
929
00:52:31,000 --> 00:52:34,800
but there was an adrenaline rush
at the idea of doing this.
930
00:52:34,880 --> 00:52:38,960
To a certain extent, unmasking Yabrán
took precedence over fear,
931
00:52:39,040 --> 00:52:41,720
although perhaps it was irrational,
you know?
932
00:52:42,560 --> 00:52:46,120
And maybe, looking back,
you would think we were crazy.
933
00:52:46,760 --> 00:52:49,480
But what happened to José Luis
had not happened yet.
934
00:52:51,920 --> 00:52:53,840
[Vecchi] Yabrán had military guards,
935
00:52:53,920 --> 00:52:59,280
hundreds of soldiers who provided services
in different companies Yabrán owned.
936
00:52:59,360 --> 00:53:01,880
But there were always
20 or 30 people available
937
00:53:01,960 --> 00:53:03,360
for Yabrán's personal security.
938
00:53:05,440 --> 00:53:09,800
The highest-ranking members were
oppressors in the military dictatorship.
939
00:53:20,360 --> 00:53:22,360
[tense music playing]
940
00:53:24,840 --> 00:53:25,680
Good evening.
941
00:53:25,760 --> 00:53:27,200
HORA CLAVE SHOW
MARCH 20, 1997
942
00:53:27,280 --> 00:53:29,440
Good evening, doctor.
943
00:53:30,040 --> 00:53:33,120
Mr. Yabrán, you, for years, kept a…
944
00:53:35,000 --> 00:53:37,920
I wouldn't say a low profile,
but almost no profile.
945
00:53:38,000 --> 00:53:39,320
The Yabrán enigma.
946
00:53:39,400 --> 00:53:43,720
And, suddenly now,
you are reversing that strategy.
947
00:53:43,800 --> 00:53:44,880
Why right now?
948
00:53:46,480 --> 00:53:48,760
[Zunino] It became inevitable
that he would be talked about.
949
00:53:50,160 --> 00:53:51,400
And surely, that is why
950
00:53:51,480 --> 00:53:54,320
he decides to start building
his own story about himself,
951
00:53:54,400 --> 00:53:57,640
to counteract the one
from Domingo Cavallo.
952
00:53:58,360 --> 00:54:00,040
Domingo Felipe Cavallo,
953
00:54:01,400 --> 00:54:05,400
he wants us to believe, we Argentines…
954
00:54:08,440 --> 00:54:12,600
that we are living
in an American gangster movie,
955
00:54:12,680 --> 00:54:17,880
where there is a… a fortress,
where a mobster lives.
956
00:54:18,560 --> 00:54:20,520
Where there is…
957
00:54:24,440 --> 00:54:28,640
an army of private security.
958
00:54:29,680 --> 00:54:32,520
Where there are government contacts.
959
00:54:34,520 --> 00:54:35,360
[clears throat]
960
00:54:36,240 --> 00:54:39,040
In short, a state within the state.
961
00:54:40,000 --> 00:54:42,600
And Yabrán, of course,
started going out in public.
962
00:54:43,440 --> 00:54:47,760
No, I will not make any statements.
I am very sorry about the Cabezas case.
963
00:54:48,360 --> 00:54:52,280
[reporter] Yabrán, why are your guards
involved in the Cabezas murder case?
964
00:54:52,360 --> 00:54:55,160
I don't have guards, miss.
Do you see me with guards?
965
00:54:55,240 --> 00:54:57,120
Do you see me with guards?
966
00:54:57,640 --> 00:54:59,600
Interestingly,
in trying to cover things up,
967
00:54:59,680 --> 00:55:03,640
he ended up saying and doing things that
complicated the situation more and more.
968
00:55:05,040 --> 00:55:07,120
And then he gives a note to Clarín.
969
00:55:08,240 --> 00:55:11,160
[news anchor] At one point you were asked,
"What is power?"
970
00:55:11,240 --> 00:55:13,240
TO HIM, BEING POWERFUL
IS HAVING IMPUNITY
971
00:55:13,320 --> 00:55:16,520
And you answered,
"Power is having impunity."
972
00:55:18,160 --> 00:55:19,200
Yes, doctor.
973
00:55:20,160 --> 00:55:23,160
I have always said,
"That phrase embodies Yabrán."
974
00:55:23,240 --> 00:55:25,680
If there is a phrase
that defines him, that's it.
975
00:55:28,040 --> 00:55:30,960
First, undoubtedly for me, as I told you,
976
00:55:31,640 --> 00:55:35,160
I am not a man prepared
to give answers to five journalists.
977
00:55:36,640 --> 00:55:40,000
And secondly, I confess, in all honesty,
978
00:55:40,080 --> 00:55:43,520
when they asked me about
a powerful man and I said what I said,
979
00:55:43,600 --> 00:55:45,000
I was thinking of Cavallo.
980
00:55:45,560 --> 00:55:47,440
He's the one with impunity.
981
00:55:51,000 --> 00:55:52,840
[phone ringing]
982
00:55:54,000 --> 00:55:56,000
[phone ringing]
983
00:55:56,880 --> 00:55:58,040
-[phone ringing]
-[beep]
984
00:56:01,680 --> 00:56:04,160
[Michi] On April 9th, 1997,
985
00:56:04,240 --> 00:56:07,080
I received a call in the morning
from the magazine.
986
00:56:09,560 --> 00:56:12,080
And they tell me,
"They seem to have found a clue."
987
00:56:13,360 --> 00:56:17,320
Well, I don't know if it was two
or three months after the event happened.
988
00:56:17,400 --> 00:56:19,480
Senator Martínez contacted me.
989
00:56:20,680 --> 00:56:22,120
And he told me, "I can't sleep."
990
00:56:22,200 --> 00:56:24,240
"I have to talk to you urgently.
Come over."
991
00:56:24,720 --> 00:56:29,200
And he came to visit me in San Vicente.
I had a country house and we met there.
992
00:56:33,800 --> 00:56:36,720
And he told me,
the day after they killed Cabezas,
993
00:56:36,800 --> 00:56:38,480
my driver told me…
994
00:56:39,640 --> 00:56:41,960
He told me he knew who had done it.
995
00:56:44,000 --> 00:56:46,200
And I was… I was shocked.
996
00:56:47,480 --> 00:56:50,120
That's when I told him,
"Carlos, let's do this."
997
00:56:50,200 --> 00:56:53,000
"If your driver told you that,
bring the driver to me."
998
00:56:53,080 --> 00:56:55,720
"There's a $600,000 reward." And he said,
999
00:56:55,800 --> 00:56:58,360
"He doesn't want anything,
he's terrified."
1000
00:56:58,440 --> 00:57:01,360
"He said that he'd like to leave
the position he has here in the province,
1001
00:57:01,440 --> 00:57:04,640
but obviously he does not want
any part of this,
1002
00:57:04,720 --> 00:57:06,200
because he is very afraid."
1003
00:57:06,920 --> 00:57:09,200
That's when we started to see
how we could make him talk.
1004
00:57:09,280 --> 00:57:12,840
[commentator] Penalty kick for Argentina…
1005
00:57:14,200 --> 00:57:17,280
[Duhalde] And that day,
Argentina and Bolivia were playing soccer,
1006
00:57:17,360 --> 00:57:21,080
so I told Carlos, "Bring him to me.
Come with him, he is your driver."
1007
00:57:21,160 --> 00:57:24,200
And so they came over,
and we started to watch the game,
1008
00:57:24,280 --> 00:57:27,960
have a few drinks and chat,
and then we had dinner.
1009
00:57:28,040 --> 00:57:31,160
We were having dinner
and this guy was loosening up.
1010
00:57:31,240 --> 00:57:34,280
And he ended up telling me that
he didn't want anything to do with this,
1011
00:57:34,360 --> 00:57:35,760
but he told me everything.
1012
00:57:35,840 --> 00:57:38,720
What he didn't know
was that we were filming him.
1013
00:57:38,800 --> 00:57:41,480
[tense music playing]
1014
00:57:46,400 --> 00:57:48,080
[Vecchi] Duhalde calls the family
1015
00:57:48,800 --> 00:57:51,080
and he says that
he is going to go to Dolores,
1016
00:57:51,160 --> 00:57:54,040
and he is going to bring the file
with those he believes are responsible.
1017
00:57:54,120 --> 00:57:56,120
DUHALDE WILL REVEAL
THE KILLERS' NAMES TO THE PARENTS
1018
00:57:56,200 --> 00:58:00,160
[Duhalde] There he was, linking everything
with the lawyer, of course. With Vecchi.
1019
00:58:00,240 --> 00:58:03,640
I struggled over the idea
of dropping the Pepitos lead.
1020
00:58:03,720 --> 00:58:05,960
CABEZAS' PARENTS SPEAK OUT
FOR FIRST TIME ABOUT MURDER
1021
00:58:06,040 --> 00:58:09,320
Duhalde told me,
"I can't bring José Luis back."
1022
00:58:09,400 --> 00:58:12,400
"But those who killed him,
I'm going to tell you who they are."
1023
00:58:12,480 --> 00:58:13,960
And he did.
1024
00:58:15,720 --> 00:58:19,280
And the governor was the main person
interested in solving the crime.
1025
00:58:19,360 --> 00:58:22,920
You could see his sense of urgency,
typical of a politician,
1026
00:58:23,000 --> 00:58:26,040
especially when starting
a presidential campaign.
1027
00:58:26,120 --> 00:58:28,480
So, it was double the pressure, I imagine.
1028
00:58:30,920 --> 00:58:33,080
[Cazeaux] His performance
was transcendent,
1029
00:58:33,160 --> 00:58:36,520
especially regarding the arrival
of the defendants from Los Hornos.
1030
00:58:39,800 --> 00:58:44,240
I contacted an informant
and the person who accompanied her.
1031
00:58:44,320 --> 00:58:46,600
They told me what had happened.
1032
00:58:48,240 --> 00:58:52,520
The information was on four people,
who apparently were the "Los Hornos" gang.
1033
00:58:52,600 --> 00:58:54,280
Made up of Auge,
1034
00:58:55,160 --> 00:58:56,240
Retana,
1035
00:58:57,080 --> 00:58:58,480
González,
1036
00:58:58,560 --> 00:58:59,440
and Braga.
1037
00:59:01,400 --> 00:59:04,240
And these individuals
had participated in the crime,
1038
00:59:06,040 --> 00:59:08,120
and they had never
been involved or called.
1039
00:59:08,200 --> 00:59:10,640
HORNOS
IT GAVE ITS HEART IN TERRACOTTA
1040
00:59:10,720 --> 00:59:14,200
The Los Hornos neighborhood is about
10 minutes from the center of La Plata.
1041
00:59:14,280 --> 00:59:15,600
It's a poor neighborhood.
1042
00:59:16,880 --> 00:59:18,880
[Cazeaux] They were people
from a impoverished area.
1043
00:59:18,960 --> 00:59:23,240
who participated in a hooligan gang,
exclusively from La Plata,
1044
00:59:24,160 --> 00:59:26,840
Even the fans boasted
that it had been the gang.
1045
00:59:28,440 --> 00:59:30,720
There was already more than one witness
1046
00:59:30,800 --> 00:59:33,000
who said they had heard
the gang perpetrated the crime.
1047
00:59:33,080 --> 00:59:36,080
These witness statements
were essential when ordering the arrest.
1048
00:59:37,040 --> 00:59:39,040
[reporter] Retana, do you trust
in your freedom?
1049
00:59:39,120 --> 00:59:41,120
González, are you being
pressured by the police?
1050
00:59:43,040 --> 00:59:45,560
[Cazeaux] At the time of giving
an investigative statement,
1051
00:59:45,640 --> 00:59:49,680
to everyone's surprise,
all the young people from Los Hornos
1052
00:59:49,760 --> 00:59:52,480
confessed to having
participated in the act.
1053
00:59:52,560 --> 00:59:54,520
[indistinct chatter]
1054
00:59:54,600 --> 00:59:58,560
[Cazeaux] Confessions are not common.
Confession to a crime is even less common.
1055
00:59:58,640 --> 01:00:00,520
It is an extremely strange thing.
1056
01:00:00,600 --> 01:00:04,600
CONFESSION FROM ONE
OF THE DETAINED IN THE CABEZAS CASE
1057
01:00:04,680 --> 01:00:06,040
THEY FOLLOWED THE JOURNALIST'S CAR
1058
01:00:06,120 --> 01:00:07,640
They confessed to having been involved
1059
01:00:07,720 --> 01:00:10,720
and being under the command
of Deputy Prellezo.
1060
01:00:12,120 --> 01:00:14,920
Prellezo was a police officer
who lived in La Plata.
1061
01:00:15,920 --> 01:00:18,800
And he had recruited them.
He had sent them.
1062
01:00:18,880 --> 01:00:20,880
GUSTAVO PRELLEZO
BUENOS AIRES POLICE
1063
01:00:20,960 --> 01:00:24,880
[Michi] Gustavo Prellezo had been
deputy chief of the Pinamar Police.
1064
01:00:27,600 --> 01:00:32,600
They said, "Prellezo brought us to Pinamar
to put some pressure on a journalist."
1065
01:00:33,760 --> 01:00:36,520
[reporter 1] Why did you take
the Los Hornos gang to the coast?
1066
01:00:36,600 --> 01:00:37,960
[Prellezo] I can't hear anything.
1067
01:00:38,040 --> 01:00:40,800
[reporter 2] Why did you take
the Los Hornos gang to the coast?
1068
01:00:40,880 --> 01:00:43,720
[Prellezo] I didn't take them as a gang,
I took them on vacation.
1069
01:00:43,800 --> 01:00:46,800
[reporter 1] If you took them for vacation
why'd they end up killing Cabezas?
1070
01:00:46,880 --> 01:00:49,640
-[Prellezo] Ask them.
-[reporter 1] But you were there.
1071
01:00:49,720 --> 01:00:51,000
[Prellezo] No, I wasn't there.
1072
01:00:51,080 --> 01:00:53,320
[reporter 2] Why did they say
you're the murderer, then?
1073
01:00:54,360 --> 01:00:56,800
The accusations were extended
to other police officers
1074
01:00:56,880 --> 01:00:58,240
who collaborated with Prellezo.
1075
01:00:58,320 --> 01:01:02,640
SERGIO RUBÉN CAMARATA
BUENOS AIRES POLICE
1076
01:01:02,720 --> 01:01:05,480
There was Camarata, who was
the head of the Valeria del Mar unit,
1077
01:01:05,560 --> 01:01:06,920
which is close to Pinamar,
1078
01:01:07,000 --> 01:01:10,680
who was the one who had given Prellezo
lodging, rented him an apartment.
1079
01:01:11,280 --> 01:01:13,000
Then the connection with Luna appears.
1080
01:01:13,080 --> 01:01:15,840
He was working
at the Pinamar police station
1081
01:01:15,920 --> 01:01:18,080
And that he is the one who participated
1082
01:01:18,160 --> 01:01:22,400
and collaborated with the follow-up
and identification, these tasks.
1083
01:01:22,480 --> 01:01:26,360
MORE POLICE OFFICERS
ARE EXPECTED TO BE ARRESTED
1084
01:01:27,320 --> 01:01:30,280
[news anchor] The police also arrested
Silvia Belawsky De Prellezo,
1085
01:01:30,360 --> 01:01:33,840
who is also a detective with
the provincial police of Buenos Aires.
1086
01:01:34,720 --> 01:01:37,320
Silvia Belawsky was Prellezo's ex-wife.
1087
01:01:37,400 --> 01:01:39,480
They had a daughter together.
1088
01:01:39,560 --> 01:01:41,280
She was also a police officer
1089
01:01:42,240 --> 01:01:43,880
and was living in Los Hornos.
1090
01:01:43,960 --> 01:01:46,440
SILVIA BELAWSKY
BUENOS AIRES POLICE
1091
01:01:46,520 --> 01:01:51,520
She had asked a colleague
to look for dirt on José Luis Cabezas,
1092
01:01:51,600 --> 01:01:54,400
in the database
of the provincial police of Buenos Aires,
1093
01:01:54,480 --> 01:01:56,080
which is extremely suspicious.
1094
01:01:59,280 --> 01:02:04,560
And it was a fact that the Los Hornos gang
was directly linked to the police.
1095
01:02:08,600 --> 01:02:11,840
[Gamarnik] José Luis Cabezas
took two very symbolic photos.
1096
01:02:12,600 --> 01:02:15,600
Klodczyk's photo,
the face of the "Damn Police"
1097
01:02:15,680 --> 01:02:19,320
and the photo of Yabrán
on the beach, walking with his wife.
1098
01:02:20,280 --> 01:02:21,720
Those two photos became symbols.
1099
01:02:22,400 --> 01:02:26,920
Each of those photos corresponded
to different spheres of power.
1100
01:02:28,800 --> 01:02:30,760
That's why the confusion, at first.
1101
01:02:30,840 --> 01:02:33,200
"Is it Yabrán or is it the 'Damn police'?"
1102
01:02:33,280 --> 01:02:35,680
The handcuffs seemed
to answer the question "Who was it?"
1103
01:02:35,760 --> 01:02:37,760
They suggested the police were involved.
1104
01:02:39,240 --> 01:02:42,000
On the one hand,
there was the issue featuring Yabrán
1105
01:02:42,080 --> 01:02:45,160
and, on the other hand,
the issue featuring the "Damn Police."
1106
01:02:45,920 --> 01:02:50,120
The location of the murder effectively
placed it within Duhalde's jurisdiction.
1107
01:02:53,280 --> 01:02:57,200
They called me from the newsroom,
from Noticias, very late at night,
1108
01:02:57,280 --> 01:03:01,480
and they told me, "Duhalde wants to talk,
but he only wants to talk to you."
1109
01:03:01,560 --> 01:03:03,120
So I go and he asks me,
1110
01:03:03,200 --> 01:03:05,960
"So what do you think?
Who is behind this crime?"
1111
01:03:08,600 --> 01:03:12,160
And I tell him, "For me,
it was either the Buenos Aires police
1112
01:03:12,240 --> 01:03:14,200
or it was Alfredo Yabrán."
1113
01:03:15,040 --> 01:03:18,840
And he tells me,
"No, no, no. I think it was Yabrán."
1114
01:03:20,280 --> 01:03:21,800
RICARDO RAGENDORFER
JOURNALIST
1115
01:03:21,880 --> 01:03:26,080
Duhalde urgently needed
to inflate the Yabrán possibility,
1116
01:03:26,160 --> 01:03:29,240
among other things,
because of his relationship with Menem.
1117
01:03:30,320 --> 01:03:31,920
I hope that this is not a scapegoat
1118
01:03:32,000 --> 01:03:35,080
so that the governor of the province
of Buenos Aires can clear up the murder
1119
01:03:35,160 --> 01:03:37,280
and thus continue his presidential career.
1120
01:03:38,200 --> 01:03:41,680
Nothing that is said or how it's said
is gonna be believed. I don't think so.
1121
01:03:42,480 --> 01:03:45,400
They do this
to distract people, to entertain.
1122
01:03:45,480 --> 01:03:49,400
That's it, that's it,
but I don't think it's like this.
1123
01:03:52,320 --> 01:03:56,840
[Cazeaux] By then, the appeals court was
releasing the suspects from Mar del Plata,
1124
01:03:56,920 --> 01:04:01,800
when suddenly, another group appeared
claiming to be responsible for the event.
1125
01:04:03,640 --> 01:04:05,720
[reporter] Your first words
as a free woman, Margarita.
1126
01:04:05,800 --> 01:04:08,480
Why did Redruello involve you
in this plot, Margarita?
1127
01:04:08,560 --> 01:04:10,440
-[reporter] Why did he do it?
-How could I know?
1128
01:04:10,520 --> 01:04:12,800
I've never known any journalist
or photographer in my life.
1129
01:04:14,680 --> 01:04:16,560
[Di Tullio] We were innocent
and we said as much,
1130
01:04:16,640 --> 01:04:20,000
we shouted it and now the whole world
knows that we are innocent.
1131
01:04:20,080 --> 01:04:23,160
And I hope that, I don't know,
that they get to the truth, in this case.
1132
01:04:24,800 --> 01:04:27,080
This is how the puzzle
was being put together.
1133
01:04:27,160 --> 01:04:30,880
The real involvement of this gang
from Los Hornos was becoming clear.
1134
01:04:34,120 --> 01:04:37,840
They began to provide details
that they could only know about
1135
01:04:37,920 --> 01:04:39,400
if they were there.
1136
01:04:39,480 --> 01:04:40,760
"PRELLEZO SHOT HIM TWICE"
1137
01:04:40,840 --> 01:04:44,760
The Los Hornos gang said
that Prellezo had shot him twice.
1138
01:04:46,280 --> 01:04:48,680
Until that moment, it was not known
1139
01:04:48,760 --> 01:04:51,080
that José Luis Cabezas
had been shot twice in the head.
1140
01:04:51,760 --> 01:04:54,320
The first autopsy had shown only one shot.
1141
01:04:55,120 --> 01:04:56,720
JUDGE ORDERS NEW AUTOPSY REPORT
1142
01:04:56,800 --> 01:04:59,640
So, what they said was,
"Do a new autopsy."
1143
01:04:59,720 --> 01:05:02,840
And in the second autopsy,
the other hole was found.
1144
01:05:02,920 --> 01:05:05,120
SECOND HOLE
1145
01:05:05,200 --> 01:05:07,960
[Vecchi] What the Los Hornos gang
claimed was verified.
1146
01:05:13,280 --> 01:05:16,920
They said that, on the way back,
they had taken Cabezas's camera
1147
01:05:17,000 --> 01:05:20,760
and thrown it into one of the many
water crossings along the road.
1148
01:05:23,600 --> 01:05:27,040
That morning, we found out that there
might be some news regarding the camera.
1149
01:05:27,960 --> 01:05:31,560
I was going live, recounting
the work done by the tactical divers,
1150
01:05:31,640 --> 01:05:34,320
the provincial police of Buenos Aires.
1151
01:05:34,400 --> 01:05:37,160
It was an impressive display
in that lagoon.
1152
01:05:40,720 --> 01:05:43,280
[Pombo] And after having made
countless searches,
1153
01:05:45,120 --> 01:05:49,120
it finally showed up and they immediately
identified it by the stickers on it.
1154
01:05:52,520 --> 01:05:55,960
[man] We could see the stickers.
You can see in the photocopy
1155
01:05:56,040 --> 01:05:59,080
and here on the camera,
which was just found.
1156
01:06:00,560 --> 01:06:02,120
[Maciel] They turned the camera around
1157
01:06:02,200 --> 01:06:05,320
and I saw the stickers
from José Luis's children.
1158
01:06:05,960 --> 01:06:10,400
And up until that moment, we had described
the camera, but we had not yet seen it.
1159
01:06:11,480 --> 01:06:13,520
It gave me a lot of anguish.
1160
01:06:13,600 --> 01:06:17,640
It was like a movie,
and I realized that this was not a case,
1161
01:06:17,720 --> 01:06:18,960
this was a life story.
1162
01:06:19,040 --> 01:06:23,560
This was a human being who was killed
doing his job, in democratic times.
1163
01:06:25,920 --> 01:06:29,680
They killed him like that.
They took a father from his children.
1164
01:06:31,880 --> 01:06:34,280
And about the Cabezas case, well, it's…
1165
01:06:34,800 --> 01:06:36,800
the case, isn't it?
1166
01:06:37,480 --> 01:06:38,480
Not a case.
1167
01:06:41,040 --> 01:06:42,120
It's him.
1168
01:06:46,320 --> 01:06:47,880
You could say that the cause of death
1169
01:06:47,960 --> 01:06:50,480
is almost definitively pointing
to some undeniable facts.
1170
01:06:50,560 --> 01:06:52,440
[reporter] Including the mastermind?
1171
01:06:53,400 --> 01:06:55,760
The facts seemed relatively clear.
1172
01:06:56,760 --> 01:06:59,520
But what was Prellezo's motive?
1173
01:06:59,600 --> 01:07:02,920
[unsettling music playing]
1174
01:07:06,240 --> 01:07:09,000
His home was raided,
a series of items seized,
1175
01:07:09,080 --> 01:07:10,800
including his personal agenda.
1176
01:07:10,880 --> 01:07:14,720
And the links between
Prellezo and Yabrán began to appear.
1177
01:07:18,160 --> 01:07:21,920
Those links were even encrypted,
which increased suspicion.
1178
01:07:22,760 --> 01:07:25,000
Why hide the relationship, right?
1179
01:07:26,440 --> 01:07:29,440
And Yabrán's card appears
among Prellezo's personal effects,
1180
01:07:29,520 --> 01:07:32,960
with the numbers written
in Alfredo Yabrán's handwriting.
1181
01:07:34,360 --> 01:07:38,000
We had a secret weapon against them,
I'll admit it. We had a smoking gun.
1182
01:07:38,080 --> 01:07:41,120
They would never have imagined
we would have such a thing.
1183
01:07:42,080 --> 01:07:45,400
[suspenseful music playing]
1184
01:07:45,480 --> 01:07:48,360
[Cazeaux] I think it was first instance
of a subpoena being made
1185
01:07:48,440 --> 01:07:50,160
by the Dolores Investigation Department
1186
01:07:50,240 --> 01:07:53,920
in which inquiries were made
into telephone communications.
1187
01:07:55,040 --> 01:07:58,040
And perhaps that led
the suspects to be careless.
1188
01:07:59,560 --> 01:08:02,240
CABEZAS INVESTIGATION
HOW THE DOLORES BUNKER OPERATES
1189
01:08:02,320 --> 01:08:05,280
This is the famous bunker, in Castelli,
1190
01:08:05,360 --> 01:08:08,840
where Excalibur detectives,
led by Victor Fogelman,
1191
01:08:08,920 --> 01:08:10,960
are housed and work every day.
1192
01:08:11,040 --> 01:08:13,160
[doors squeaking]
1193
01:08:15,120 --> 01:08:17,480
[Vecchi] The Excalibur program
had been successfully tested
1194
01:08:17,560 --> 01:08:19,680
in several FBI investigations.
1195
01:08:21,960 --> 01:08:24,160
[Cazeaux] They managed
to delineate and visualize
1196
01:08:24,240 --> 01:08:27,280
the telephone communications
in a different way.
1197
01:08:27,360 --> 01:08:30,040
This allowed for the linking
of the suspects' phones
1198
01:08:30,120 --> 01:08:32,000
within the computer system.
1199
01:08:32,080 --> 01:08:34,080
OUTGOING TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS
1200
01:08:35,560 --> 01:08:39,400
And that's when Gustavo Prellezo's
first contacts began to appear,
1201
01:08:39,480 --> 01:08:43,000
with different people from
the Pinamar Police Station and others.
1202
01:08:45,600 --> 01:08:50,680
And a number begins to appear repeatedly,
which was an unidentified cell phone.
1203
01:08:54,760 --> 01:08:57,800
It was discovered that the phone
was registered to Bridess.
1204
01:08:59,120 --> 01:09:01,040
Bridess was a security company
1205
01:09:01,120 --> 01:09:04,600
which was the mother of all
security companies in the Yabrán group.
1206
01:09:04,680 --> 01:09:07,120
BRIDESS S.R.L. - PARANÁ
FLOOR 6 - FEDERAL CAPITAL
1207
01:09:07,200 --> 01:09:10,080
It turned out that the phone,
this famous phone,
1208
01:09:10,160 --> 01:09:13,520
in the name of Bridess,
was the one used by Gregorio Rios,
1209
01:09:13,600 --> 01:09:15,800
Yabrán's head of domestic security.
1210
01:09:17,640 --> 01:09:20,400
[Pombo] Gregorio Rios
was a retired army officer.
1211
01:09:21,640 --> 01:09:24,280
Alfredo Yabrán's trusted right-hand man.
1212
01:09:24,360 --> 01:09:26,720
[phones dialing, ringing]
1213
01:09:26,800 --> 01:09:29,280
[Vecchi] The exchange of calls
made it possible to verify
1214
01:09:29,360 --> 01:09:33,360
that Gregorio Ríos had more communications
with the Pinamar police station
1215
01:09:33,440 --> 01:09:35,160
than any of the police officers.
1216
01:09:37,320 --> 01:09:40,880
[Cazeaux] And, as the date of the crime
approached, communications increased.
1217
01:09:40,960 --> 01:09:42,520
And they kept increasing.
1218
01:09:43,920 --> 01:09:45,920
[Vecchi] The last few days
leading up to the murder,
1219
01:09:46,000 --> 01:09:47,640
the number of linked calls was huge,
1220
01:09:47,720 --> 01:09:50,000
reporting the movement
of Michi and Cabezas,
1221
01:09:50,080 --> 01:09:51,680
who were trying to take some photos.
1222
01:09:51,760 --> 01:09:53,400
They were shooting around the house.
1223
01:09:55,920 --> 01:09:57,960
[Michi] The day we approached Yabrán,
1224
01:09:58,040 --> 01:10:01,640
the phones began to explode
from Yabrán's security,
1225
01:10:01,720 --> 01:10:03,960
who were watching us from an apartment,
1226
01:10:04,040 --> 01:10:06,760
along with the Pinamar police, Yabrán,
1227
01:10:06,840 --> 01:10:08,920
Prellezo and the Los Hornos gang.
1228
01:10:10,680 --> 01:10:12,840
[Santo Biasatti] It was a kind
of cat and mouse game,
1229
01:10:12,920 --> 01:10:15,760
just as they followed them,
they were followed.
1230
01:10:15,840 --> 01:10:18,320
[suspenseful music building]
1231
01:10:20,120 --> 01:10:22,720
That didn't happen when
we were writing the police article,
1232
01:10:22,800 --> 01:10:24,720
it happened when we approached Yabrán.
1233
01:10:26,280 --> 01:10:28,280
And after the murder, all calls stop.
1234
01:10:28,360 --> 01:10:29,720
[music crescendos, stops]
1235
01:10:30,680 --> 01:10:32,240
[phone calling]
1236
01:10:32,320 --> 01:10:34,680
[Michi] After the murder, no one talks.
1237
01:10:34,760 --> 01:10:37,280
[line beeping]
1238
01:10:43,480 --> 01:10:47,160
[reporter] 3:45, the businessman
Alfredo Yabrán is arriving
1239
01:10:47,240 --> 01:10:49,160
at the federal court in Dolores.
1240
01:10:49,240 --> 01:10:50,720
An impressive crowd.
1241
01:10:50,800 --> 01:10:54,120
YABRÁN'S MOMENT OF TRUTH HAS COME
1242
01:10:54,200 --> 01:10:57,680
For us, there was no choice
but to call Yabrán, to ask him why.
1243
01:10:57,760 --> 01:10:59,760
So he could defend himself.
1244
01:10:59,840 --> 01:11:02,040
In other words,
so he could explain himself to us
1245
01:11:02,120 --> 01:11:04,000
what his dealings were with Prellezo.
1246
01:11:04,080 --> 01:11:06,600
[clamoring]
1247
01:11:06,680 --> 01:11:08,680
[Cazeaux] His first statement
was an informative one.
1248
01:11:09,840 --> 01:11:11,760
And it caused a great commotion.
1249
01:11:11,840 --> 01:11:16,080
It was one of the few times
that Yabrán appeared in court to testify.
1250
01:11:16,160 --> 01:11:18,960
-[reporter 1] Alfredo Yabrán.
-[reporter 2] Yabrán.
1251
01:11:19,040 --> 01:11:21,640
[clamoring]
1252
01:11:24,480 --> 01:11:27,080
[Ragendorfer] Yabrán obviously
had to defend himself.
1253
01:11:27,160 --> 01:11:30,160
He had to show
he had nothing to do with the murder.
1254
01:11:30,240 --> 01:11:32,680
[clamoring continues]
1255
01:11:34,880 --> 01:11:36,960
[reporter 1] What will you say
to Macchi, Yabrán?
1256
01:11:37,040 --> 01:11:39,320
-[reporter 2] Talk to the camera!
-[reporter 3] Going in.
1257
01:11:39,400 --> 01:11:40,880
[clamoring]
1258
01:11:40,960 --> 01:11:42,680
[Cazeaux] I remember
his statement perfectly,
1259
01:11:42,760 --> 01:11:44,440
which was very long.
1260
01:11:44,520 --> 01:11:47,720
And he introduced himself
in a very polite, respectful way.
1261
01:11:49,000 --> 01:11:52,080
He was a man who, on the surface,
was very folksy, very kind.
1262
01:11:52,160 --> 01:11:55,520
He addressed everyone
with a great deal of respect.
1263
01:11:56,800 --> 01:12:00,600
His statement, uh,
it didn't really have many holes.
1264
01:12:00,680 --> 01:12:03,120
He answered everything
that was asked of him.
1265
01:12:03,200 --> 01:12:06,640
He seemed willing to submit
to criminal proceedings.
1266
01:12:06,720 --> 01:12:09,640
[suspenseful music playing]
1267
01:12:11,000 --> 01:12:13,640
[Zunino] The contribution
of the Excalibur probe
1268
01:12:13,720 --> 01:12:16,880
ends up being one
of the main factors of the investigation,
1269
01:12:17,800 --> 01:12:20,080
because it proves
everything that was denied.
1270
01:12:21,600 --> 01:12:22,600
And much more.
1271
01:12:22,680 --> 01:12:27,320
MORE CONTACT
BETWEEN YABRÁN AND THE GOVERNMENT
1272
01:12:27,400 --> 01:12:29,880
We asked for phone records from everyone.
1273
01:12:29,960 --> 01:12:32,840
Especially the phones
linked to Alfredo Yabrán.
1274
01:12:32,920 --> 01:12:34,240
Some records came in.
1275
01:12:34,320 --> 01:12:35,520
From those that arrived,
1276
01:12:35,600 --> 01:12:39,680
we deduced that there had been countless
calls with the Ministry of Justice.
1277
01:12:41,720 --> 01:12:44,320
[Michi] It was discovered
that practically the entire cabinet
1278
01:12:44,400 --> 01:12:45,840
was in contact with Yabrán.
1279
01:12:45,920 --> 01:12:48,560
EXCALIBUR REVEALS 202 PHONE CALLS
BETWEEN YABRÁN AND EXECUTIVE BRANCH
1280
01:12:48,640 --> 01:12:50,640
[Vecchi] He had communications
with prosecutors,
1281
01:12:50,720 --> 01:12:53,480
with officials, with ministers,
with the Presidential Palace.
1282
01:12:56,400 --> 01:12:58,560
It was no longer a case
1283
01:12:58,640 --> 01:13:02,160
where a businessman
had an issue with a journalist.
1284
01:13:02,240 --> 01:13:04,720
There were ties to political power.
1285
01:13:04,800 --> 01:13:08,320
THE GOVERNMENT COMES CLEAN
ABOUT ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH YABRÁN
1286
01:13:08,400 --> 01:13:11,360
He was known by everyone,
because he was close to Menem,
1287
01:13:11,440 --> 01:13:12,640
who was the president,
1288
01:13:12,720 --> 01:13:15,160
and there were visits
to the Presidential Palace.
1289
01:13:15,240 --> 01:13:18,120
In fact, within the context
of the investigation,
1290
01:13:18,200 --> 01:13:20,320
there was also a visit to the palace.
1291
01:13:23,560 --> 01:13:25,360
[Vecchi] We asked for records
on June 20th,
1292
01:13:25,440 --> 01:13:29,480
and a few days later, the highest-ranking
minister of the administration,
1293
01:13:29,560 --> 01:13:33,400
the chief of staff, invited Yabrán
to the Presidential Palace.
1294
01:13:35,200 --> 01:13:36,440
Yabrán arrived,
1295
01:13:36,520 --> 01:13:41,280
posing with one of those little signs
that said, "Don't forget about Cabezas."
1296
01:13:41,360 --> 01:13:42,600
[honking]
1297
01:13:42,680 --> 01:13:46,920
Meanwhile, protesters were taking
to the streets to ask for justice.
1298
01:13:47,000 --> 01:13:49,560
What they are doing seems
like a slap in the face to the people.
1299
01:13:50,480 --> 01:13:52,720
-It's embarrassing.
-[reporter] Are you here to honk?
1300
01:13:52,800 --> 01:13:55,680
-Of course, man.
-Honk, honk, go ahead.
1301
01:13:57,840 --> 01:13:59,960
[Vecchi] These politicians
were in a bubble.
1302
01:14:00,040 --> 01:14:02,320
They invited a person
to the Presidential Palace
1303
01:14:02,400 --> 01:14:06,560
who was accused of a crime that was
very damaging to Argentine democracy,
1304
01:14:06,640 --> 01:14:10,400
thus endorsing the innocence
of someone who was under investigation,
1305
01:14:10,480 --> 01:14:12,880
and with a lot of presumption of guilt.
1306
01:14:14,840 --> 01:14:17,080
Clearly, there was
no other reason for that meeting
1307
01:14:17,160 --> 01:14:18,760
than to point out to the public
1308
01:14:18,840 --> 01:14:22,560
that this character had protective ties
with the national government.
1309
01:14:23,160 --> 01:14:24,120
[man] Murderer!
1310
01:14:24,200 --> 01:14:26,440
[clamoring]
1311
01:14:26,520 --> 01:14:28,760
[banging]
1312
01:14:28,840 --> 01:14:30,040
[man] Son of a bitch!
1313
01:14:32,160 --> 01:14:34,240
-[woman] Murderer!
-[man] Murderer!
1314
01:14:34,320 --> 01:14:35,320
[woman] Murderer!
1315
01:14:35,400 --> 01:14:37,400
[indistinct chanting]
1316
01:14:37,480 --> 01:14:40,920
RÍOS TESTIFIED AND IS UNDER ARREST
1317
01:14:41,000 --> 01:14:44,960
The truth is that, until September,
when Ríos was found,
1318
01:14:45,040 --> 01:14:46,840
there wasn't enough for us
to make it official
1319
01:14:46,920 --> 01:14:51,240
that the main conclusion
drawn from the trail coincided with ours,
1320
01:14:51,320 --> 01:14:54,440
that it was a gang with which
Yabrán had some relationship,
1321
01:14:54,520 --> 01:14:56,360
whether direct or indirect.
1322
01:14:57,440 --> 01:14:59,560
[brooding music playing]
1323
01:14:59,640 --> 01:15:04,640
The permanent presence of Gregorio Ríos,
Alfredo Yabrán's chief of security,
1324
01:15:04,720 --> 01:15:08,240
linking Yabrán and Prellezo,
combined with Yabrán's background,
1325
01:15:09,000 --> 01:15:10,160
was pivotal.
1326
01:15:10,240 --> 01:15:13,360
YABRÁN ACKNOWLEDGED
THAT HE SPOKE TO PRELLEZO
1327
01:15:13,440 --> 01:15:15,720
Yabrán admitted that he met with Prellezo.
1328
01:15:15,800 --> 01:15:17,880
They asked him, "Why did you two meet up?"
1329
01:15:17,960 --> 01:15:21,440
"Oh, because this man wanted to sell me
an alarm system, for Pinamar,
1330
01:15:21,520 --> 01:15:23,240
so I told him to talk to Ríos about it,
1331
01:15:23,320 --> 01:15:26,640
and he wanted to say hello to me
by the end of the year," etc., etc…
1332
01:15:27,800 --> 01:15:30,200
[Cazeaux] Prellezo acknowledges
having a link with Yabrán.
1333
01:15:30,280 --> 01:15:31,560
[man] Who murdered Cabezas?
1334
01:15:32,640 --> 01:15:35,840
[Cazeaux] In a meeting
that he held with Alfredo Yabrán,
1335
01:15:35,920 --> 01:15:38,480
he told him that he wanted
to have a quiet summer.
1336
01:15:38,560 --> 01:15:42,520
Obviously in reference to what,
for him, was press harassment,
1337
01:15:42,600 --> 01:15:44,720
which he'd suffered the previous summer.
1338
01:15:45,560 --> 01:15:47,560
-[imperceptible]
-[music continues]
1339
01:16:02,800 --> 01:16:05,440
[Cazeaux] A collection of evidence
had already been amassed,
1340
01:16:05,520 --> 01:16:09,960
suggesting the participation of Yabrán
as the mastermind behind the crime.
1341
01:16:10,680 --> 01:16:12,920
And, as these elements accumulated,
1342
01:16:13,000 --> 01:16:15,880
I became impatient,
perhaps typical of youth.
1343
01:16:15,960 --> 01:16:18,320
I wanted to tell him,
"Macchi, we have a lot."
1344
01:16:19,840 --> 01:16:23,640
"I mean, we can order an arrest.
Don't you think?" But he told us,
1345
01:16:23,720 --> 01:16:26,000
"There is always time to make an arrest."
1346
01:16:28,320 --> 01:16:30,520
[Vecchi] We lived
through many moments of anxiety.
1347
01:16:30,600 --> 01:16:32,600
The case had many, many plateaus.
1348
01:16:32,680 --> 01:16:35,680
It seemed that it wasn't
going to advance any further.
1349
01:16:37,880 --> 01:16:40,880
[atmospheric music playing]
1350
01:16:45,440 --> 01:16:48,000
[reporter] Do you think someone
wants to cover up the truth?
1351
01:16:48,080 --> 01:16:49,440
It goes back and forth.
1352
01:16:49,520 --> 01:16:52,080
Looks like someone's covering this up.
Do you think so?
1353
01:16:52,160 --> 01:16:54,560
Yes, yes, yes.
Yes, I've told you several times.
1354
01:16:54,640 --> 01:16:56,600
[reporter] Someone doesn't want
truth to come out.
1355
01:16:56,680 --> 01:16:59,320
The instigators, the masterminds
are working to keep it under wraps.
1356
01:16:59,400 --> 01:17:00,720
[reporter] Must be a powerful man.
1357
01:17:03,040 --> 01:17:06,680
What I am waiting for is the arrest
of José Luis's murderers.
1358
01:17:07,200 --> 01:17:11,760
And when I say murderers,
I mean everyone, you know?
1359
01:17:11,840 --> 01:17:15,920
The ones who devised the plan,
the ones who executed it,
1360
01:17:16,000 --> 01:17:18,520
those who participated. All of them.
1361
01:17:19,680 --> 01:17:21,960
People say it, everyone says it,
1362
01:17:22,040 --> 01:17:25,600
because I go out on the street
and everyone tells me, "It was Yabrán."
1363
01:17:27,880 --> 01:17:30,120
We constantly asked for action,
1364
01:17:30,200 --> 01:17:32,720
pressing for Yabrán's arrest,
for investigation,
1365
01:17:32,800 --> 01:17:37,480
and, well, it didn't happen,
until Silvia Belawsky came along.
1366
01:17:38,400 --> 01:17:39,640
[footsteps running]
1367
01:17:46,280 --> 01:17:48,800
[Vecchi] Silvia Belawsky
was the wife, at the time,
1368
01:17:48,880 --> 01:17:51,800
of the main defendant, Gustavo Prellezo.
1369
01:17:53,440 --> 01:17:55,800
On May 15th, 1998, she made a decision,
1370
01:17:55,880 --> 01:17:59,120
for which the motivation
is completely unknown,
1371
01:17:59,200 --> 01:18:00,800
but it must have been terrible.
1372
01:18:02,800 --> 01:18:05,760
[Cazeaux] To our surprise,
as the investigation progressed,
1373
01:18:05,840 --> 01:18:10,280
his defense asks that she be able
to expand on his preliminary statement.
1374
01:18:12,440 --> 01:18:16,320
[Maciel] And, at the moment she was going
to testify, I remember perfectly,
1375
01:18:16,400 --> 01:18:19,720
the anticipation of whether
she was going to speak or not,
1376
01:18:19,800 --> 01:18:23,600
what she was going to say
and how much information she had.
1377
01:18:25,240 --> 01:18:26,480
[camera shutter clicks]
1378
01:18:30,680 --> 01:18:32,320
[Cazeaux] Being Prellezo's wife,
1379
01:18:32,400 --> 01:18:36,000
with his involvement in the task
of investigating Cabezas,
1380
01:18:36,080 --> 01:18:41,320
we assumed that this witness,
especially, had much more to say.
1381
01:18:42,240 --> 01:18:44,320
EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW
1382
01:18:44,400 --> 01:18:47,520
SILVIA BELAWSKY
BUENOS AIRES POLICE OFFICER
1383
01:18:47,600 --> 01:18:49,560
[Belawsky] I was going to explain
a few things.
1384
01:18:49,640 --> 01:18:51,960
And, well,
a lot of things crossed my mind.
1385
01:18:52,040 --> 01:18:55,760
And well, what happened happened,
and I told him everything I knew.
1386
01:18:55,840 --> 01:18:57,400
And nothing more.
1387
01:18:58,360 --> 01:19:03,080
YABRÁN IS BEHIND EVERYTHING
1388
01:19:03,160 --> 01:19:05,520
[Vecchi] She claimed
that her husband had said that to her…
1389
01:19:06,560 --> 01:19:08,280
RÍOS AND I WORKED FOR HIM
1390
01:19:08,360 --> 01:19:10,520
…that this had been an order from Yabrán,
1391
01:19:10,600 --> 01:19:14,080
that Gregorio Ríos
had asked him to do this job,
1392
01:19:14,160 --> 01:19:15,360
and they had to do that job.
1393
01:19:15,960 --> 01:19:19,600
DON'T YOU EVER THINK OF OPENING YOUR MOUTH
1394
01:19:20,440 --> 01:19:22,000
SHE FELT TERRIFIED
1395
01:19:22,080 --> 01:19:26,840
Very clearly, she showed
Prellezo's relationship with Yabrán.
1396
01:19:28,080 --> 01:19:31,920
And with very strong words,
she implied that the order to kill Cabezas
1397
01:19:32,000 --> 01:19:34,400
had come from the businessman.
1398
01:19:37,400 --> 01:19:40,240
And this is perhaps
the statement of greater weight,
1399
01:19:40,320 --> 01:19:44,440
which leads to the issuance
of the arrest warrant for Yabrán.
1400
01:19:47,160 --> 01:19:48,840
Her testimony was so compelling
1401
01:19:48,920 --> 01:19:51,320
that the judge
finally ordered Yabrán's arrest.
1402
01:19:51,400 --> 01:19:52,640
He finally ordered the arrest.
1403
01:19:52,720 --> 01:19:59,720
WARRANT FOR YABRÁN'S ARREST
ORDERED
1404
01:20:01,760 --> 01:20:07,680
[ticking]
1405
01:20:09,160 --> 01:20:12,200
[Pombo] The raids were carried out,
but Yabrán was not found.
1406
01:20:13,400 --> 01:20:15,520
They told me, "This man ran away."
1407
01:20:15,600 --> 01:20:18,480
"That's impossible," I said,
"How could he? He has to testify."
1408
01:20:18,560 --> 01:20:22,760
YABRÁN'S HOUSE RAIDED
BUT HE COULDN'T BE ARRESTED
1409
01:20:22,840 --> 01:20:24,200
We wanted to know what happened.
1410
01:20:24,280 --> 01:20:28,000
Why did they do that to José Luis?
Why had they done such a thing?
1411
01:20:28,080 --> 01:20:30,200
NEW FAILURES IN THE SEARCH FOR YABRÁN
1412
01:20:31,560 --> 01:20:35,360
And Duhalde called me at that moment,
and he says, "What happened?"
1413
01:20:35,440 --> 01:20:36,600
[laughs]
1414
01:20:38,240 --> 01:20:39,440
"I don't know."
1415
01:20:39,520 --> 01:20:40,520
"What happens next?"
1416
01:20:40,600 --> 01:20:43,320
"The police have to find him, so…"
1417
01:20:43,400 --> 01:20:45,000
"You're in charge of the police."
1418
01:20:45,080 --> 01:20:47,640
"Send them to find him
with the FBI, with whoever."
1419
01:20:47,720 --> 01:20:50,360
YABRÁN STILL ON THE RUN
AND INTERPOL IS SEARCHING FOR HIM
1420
01:20:50,440 --> 01:20:51,640
INTERPOL SEARCHES FOR YABRÁN
1421
01:20:51,720 --> 01:20:55,200
[Lazo] With an entire country looking,
Yabrán was never going to be found
1422
01:20:55,280 --> 01:20:56,960
in the places
where the raids were ordered.
1423
01:20:57,040 --> 01:21:00,440
[ticking continues]
1424
01:21:01,040 --> 01:21:04,720
[Cazeaux] Anyone could have guessed that,
with his ability, his power,
1425
01:21:04,800 --> 01:21:06,120
his connections,
1426
01:21:06,200 --> 01:21:10,080
he could hide out in a country
without an extradition agreement.
1427
01:21:10,160 --> 01:21:12,560
[suspenseful music playing]
1428
01:21:12,640 --> 01:21:14,080
[ticking continues]
1429
01:21:15,560 --> 01:21:19,520
[Vecchi] In small towns, not much time
goes by without getting some information.
1430
01:21:19,600 --> 01:21:22,800
We checked all the necessary sources
until we found out that Yabrán
1431
01:21:22,880 --> 01:21:26,880
was at the San Ignacio ranch,
probably planning an escape.
1432
01:21:26,960 --> 01:21:29,160
[ticking continues]
1433
01:21:30,880 --> 01:21:34,480
I saw the movements
that confirmed the presence of Yabrán.
1434
01:21:34,560 --> 01:21:36,280
I stayed there all night.
1435
01:21:36,360 --> 01:21:38,960
Then, the next day,
I waited for the police.
1436
01:21:40,680 --> 01:21:43,040
[helicopter blades whirring]
1437
01:21:46,240 --> 01:21:48,800
Next, I began to describe what happened.
1438
01:21:51,880 --> 01:21:54,840
[Lazo] Reporting directly
from San Ignacio Ranch.
1439
01:21:54,920 --> 01:21:57,440
They're looking
for the businessman Alfredo Yabrán.
1440
01:21:57,520 --> 01:21:59,320
[police siren blaring]
1441
01:21:59,400 --> 01:22:01,560
[Lazo] I noticed lots
of cell phones being taken out,
1442
01:22:01,640 --> 01:22:03,960
and I began to see
the anxiety among the police.
1443
01:22:05,920 --> 01:22:08,280
So far, some searches
have been carried out
1444
01:22:08,360 --> 01:22:09,840
in our view of the ranch,
1445
01:22:09,920 --> 01:22:12,880
where Judge Macchi believes
that the businessman is hiding.
1446
01:22:15,880 --> 01:22:18,960
It seemed evident that Yabrán was at
the ranch, but the police didn't see him.
1447
01:22:19,040 --> 01:22:22,240
[ticking continues]
1448
01:22:23,280 --> 01:22:25,640
They checked everywhere.
Yabrán's suite was locked.
1449
01:22:25,720 --> 01:22:27,800
[suspenseful music continues]
1450
01:22:27,880 --> 01:22:30,440
[Lazo] All they knew about that door
was that it was locked.
1451
01:22:30,520 --> 01:22:32,560
They called out to see who was behind it.
1452
01:22:32,640 --> 01:22:34,920
[ticking]
1453
01:22:35,000 --> 01:22:37,840
[Lazo] The police didn't get an answer,
they tried to open the door.
1454
01:22:37,920 --> 01:22:39,520
And while they were doing so…
1455
01:22:39,600 --> 01:22:40,520
[loud gunshot]
1456
01:22:40,600 --> 01:22:41,920
[device dings]
1457
01:22:42,520 --> 01:22:44,080
[Lazo] Yabrán's shot was heard.
1458
01:22:44,160 --> 01:22:46,840
[suspenseful music continues]
1459
01:22:49,040 --> 01:22:50,960
[reporter] At that exact time,
1460
01:22:51,040 --> 01:22:53,920
and as an exclusive first
for the entire country,
1461
01:22:54,000 --> 01:22:55,680
we are able to state that…
1462
01:22:58,160 --> 01:23:02,000
Alfredo Yabrán shot himself
in the mouth with a shotgun.
1463
01:23:02,080 --> 01:23:04,640
[helicopter blades whirring]
1464
01:23:07,560 --> 01:23:11,720
YABRÁN SHOT HIMSELF
1465
01:23:11,800 --> 01:23:15,200
YABRÁN COMMITTED SUICIDE
1466
01:23:15,280 --> 01:23:19,520
ALFREDO YABRÁN FOUND DEAD
WIDESPREAD AMAZEMENT AND DISBELIEF
1467
01:23:19,600 --> 01:23:22,080
WAS YABRÁN REALLY THE ONE WHO DIED?
1468
01:23:22,160 --> 01:23:27,360
SUICIDE CALLED INTO QUESTION
1469
01:23:28,600 --> 01:23:30,360
First, the doubt of the suicide.
1470
01:23:30,440 --> 01:23:33,800
Doubt because many media outlets,
they didn't believe it was Yabrán.
1471
01:23:33,880 --> 01:23:35,680
They didn't believe anything.
1472
01:23:36,480 --> 01:23:38,200
I think he's alive.
1473
01:23:38,280 --> 01:23:40,160
-[reporter] Hidden somewhere?
-For sure.
1474
01:23:40,240 --> 01:23:43,760
Many miles away from here,
on some Caribbean island somewhere.
1475
01:23:43,840 --> 01:23:44,760
Under the bed.
1476
01:23:44,840 --> 01:23:46,000
In a hole.
1477
01:23:46,080 --> 01:23:48,280
Behind a stack of-- a stack of money.
1478
01:23:48,360 --> 01:23:50,240
It's hard to think
1479
01:23:50,320 --> 01:23:54,000
that a person with so much money
could have killed himself.
1480
01:23:54,760 --> 01:23:57,960
Half of society said,
"It's a lie. Yabrán is alive."
1481
01:23:58,040 --> 01:24:01,760
PEOPLE STILL SPECULATE
ABOUT THE SUICIDE
1482
01:24:01,840 --> 01:24:03,800
[Lazo] A myth was created
around Yabrán's death.
1483
01:24:03,880 --> 01:24:06,800
WHAT HAPPENED TO YABRÁN?
1484
01:24:06,880 --> 01:24:09,840
That someone
shot himself in Yabrán's place,
1485
01:24:09,920 --> 01:24:13,040
that Yabrán is enjoying
some beach paradise who knows where,
1486
01:24:13,120 --> 01:24:15,200
far from his family who he loved the most.
1487
01:24:15,280 --> 01:24:17,600
DOES ANYONE BELIEVE
YABRÁN KILLED HIMSELF?
1488
01:24:17,680 --> 01:24:21,040
You come across people, you say,
"Do you think that Yabrán is dead?"
1489
01:24:21,120 --> 01:24:23,880
They'd say,
"No, no, he is-- he is sunbathing."
1490
01:24:26,480 --> 01:24:28,400
I didn't think it would end like that.
1491
01:24:28,480 --> 01:24:32,160
I didn't think it would end that way,
but that is how it ended.
1492
01:24:32,240 --> 01:24:35,240
The choice was made because
he was surrounded. Trapped.
1493
01:24:36,640 --> 01:24:39,600
[atmospheric music playing]
1494
01:24:41,960 --> 01:24:44,320
[reporter] Barely 50 people
surrounded the coffin
1495
01:24:44,400 --> 01:24:46,200
that contained the remains
of the businessman.
1496
01:24:46,280 --> 01:24:50,240
[woman screaming]
Hey! A little respect for the dead!
1497
01:24:50,320 --> 01:24:51,600
This is journalism?
1498
01:24:52,240 --> 01:24:54,080
They want respect for Cabezas.
1499
01:24:54,880 --> 01:24:58,640
-Yellow press!
-[man] We have earned respect for Cabezas.
1500
01:24:58,720 --> 01:25:01,320
[woman 1] Respect him away from here.
We earned respect for him.
1501
01:25:01,400 --> 01:25:03,000
[woman 2] You killed him!
1502
01:25:03,080 --> 01:25:06,240
-[woman 3] Cover their cameras!
-[man] Could you turn off the camera?
1503
01:25:07,520 --> 01:25:09,280
[reporter 1] Another stage
of the news story
1504
01:25:09,360 --> 01:25:12,000
with the greatest impact
in recent times has ended.
1505
01:25:12,080 --> 01:25:16,680
The disappearance of a powerful man
who decided not to face earthly justice.
1506
01:25:17,440 --> 01:25:21,000
YABRÁN WROTE THE ACCUSING LETTERS
A DAY BEFORE KILLING HIMSELF
1507
01:25:21,080 --> 01:25:23,240
[reporter 2] In one of the two letters
that he left,
1508
01:25:23,320 --> 01:25:25,280
he incriminated two politicians.
1509
01:25:25,360 --> 01:25:27,480
Your Honor, in the face
of the condemnation
1510
01:25:27,560 --> 01:25:28,800
led by Director Cavallo,
1511
01:25:28,880 --> 01:25:31,280
in association
with the unscrupulous politicians
1512
01:25:31,360 --> 01:25:34,480
committed to making Duhalde
owner of the truth and the country,
1513
01:25:34,560 --> 01:25:36,800
I want to express my decision
to take my life
1514
01:25:36,880 --> 01:25:38,680
before continuing to suffer.
1515
01:25:38,760 --> 01:25:41,800
[Pablo Argibay] The letter had the prior
day's date and his signature,
1516
01:25:41,880 --> 01:25:43,520
so that there were no doubts.
1517
01:25:43,600 --> 01:25:46,440
He makes some political references
to two of the people
1518
01:25:46,520 --> 01:25:48,600
that-- that he had ongoing problems with.
1519
01:25:48,680 --> 01:25:50,960
And he ends by saying
he is completely innocent
1520
01:25:51,040 --> 01:25:54,000
of the crime against José Luis Cabezas.
1521
01:25:55,080 --> 01:25:57,440
[reporter] Can you imagine Yabrán
making a decision like that?
1522
01:25:57,520 --> 01:25:59,440
Because he had dignity. They cornered him.
1523
01:25:59,520 --> 01:26:01,480
He had children, a family,
just like the Cabezas.
1524
01:26:01,560 --> 01:26:04,440
He did not allow himself to be handcuffed
by that son of a bitch governor.
1525
01:26:04,520 --> 01:26:05,880
Because he put all this together.
1526
01:26:07,000 --> 01:26:12,840
But we want to know
who killed your colleague,
1527
01:26:13,840 --> 01:26:15,840
Mr. José Luis Cabezas.
1528
01:26:17,280 --> 01:26:21,040
And what were the reasons that led
Mr. Yabrán to commit suicide.
1529
01:26:21,120 --> 01:26:23,280
All of this is under investigation.
1530
01:26:23,360 --> 01:26:24,720
NATIONAL CONGRESSWOMAN
1997-2001
1531
01:26:24,800 --> 01:26:27,280
It is something
that is going to turn into…
1532
01:26:27,360 --> 01:26:30,760
I think it's one of the darkest periods
in Argentine history.
1533
01:26:30,840 --> 01:26:32,800
[somber music playing]
1534
01:26:33,760 --> 01:26:36,880
[Michi] The truth is that
I had a lot of skepticism at first.
1535
01:26:36,960 --> 01:26:40,480
Everyone said,
"A guy like Yabrán doesn't kill himself."
1536
01:26:41,760 --> 01:26:44,320
Investigating the subject,
speaking with witnesses,
1537
01:26:44,400 --> 01:26:48,360
seeing and investigating the movements
of his surroundings after the murder,
1538
01:26:48,440 --> 01:26:51,720
I ended up convincing myself
that he had committed suicide.
1539
01:26:51,800 --> 01:26:53,720
And the question was, "Why?"
1540
01:26:59,960 --> 01:27:04,040
[Ragendorfer] And Yabrán commits suicide
because they were about to arrest him.
1541
01:27:07,680 --> 01:27:11,080
It doesn't necessarily mean that
he killed himself because he was guilty.
1542
01:27:13,480 --> 01:27:15,480
[Zunino] Until the last possible moment,
1543
01:27:15,560 --> 01:27:19,240
the Menem government
defended Alfredo Yabrán's innocence.
1544
01:27:22,560 --> 01:27:24,720
It seems obvious that someone got to them.
1545
01:27:26,440 --> 01:27:28,520
Someone told him, "It's time."
1546
01:27:29,920 --> 01:27:34,920
There was no way to make people understand
that the rich could also shoot themselves.
1547
01:27:35,000 --> 01:27:38,560
The powerful also, at some point,
they are cornered.
1548
01:27:41,160 --> 01:27:44,640
[Michi] Imagining him entering handcuffed
before everyone's eyes,
1549
01:27:44,720 --> 01:27:47,720
in a prison in the province
of Buenos Aires,
1550
01:27:47,800 --> 01:27:50,360
a province governed by Eduardo Duhalde,
1551
01:27:50,440 --> 01:27:53,280
had to have been
humiliating and dangerous.
1552
01:27:57,360 --> 01:28:00,040
I lean towards the hypothesis
that this suicide
1553
01:28:00,120 --> 01:28:03,640
could be linked to a particular
psychology such as that of Yabrán's.
1554
01:28:11,640 --> 01:28:13,800
[indistinct chatter]
1555
01:28:14,480 --> 01:28:17,920
DECEMBER 14, 1999
1556
01:28:18,000 --> 01:28:20,320
[reporter] Dolores seemed
to go back in time.
1557
01:28:21,280 --> 01:28:25,840
The city was once again filled with
patrol cars and prison service agents,
1558
01:28:25,920 --> 01:28:28,440
like in the beginning of the case,
three years ago.
1559
01:28:31,320 --> 01:28:34,280
How many thoughts
have crossed Norma and José's minds,
1560
01:28:34,360 --> 01:28:36,280
sitting in the same small room
1561
01:28:36,360 --> 01:28:39,720
where their son's murderers
are also waiting for a conviction?
1562
01:28:44,640 --> 01:28:46,800
[Cazeaux] Everyone knew
that all of society
1563
01:28:46,880 --> 01:28:48,760
was waiting for this to be clarified,
1564
01:28:50,480 --> 01:28:51,960
to be made as clear as possible.
1565
01:28:52,040 --> 01:28:53,120
TRIAL FOR CABEZAS CRIME
1566
01:28:53,200 --> 01:28:56,360
[man] Please, I ask to have the floor
because you just spoke about me.
1567
01:28:56,440 --> 01:28:58,920
-Yes, now-- Yes.
-[man] Saying I could…
1568
01:29:00,720 --> 01:29:02,640
[Michi] The feeling was very shocking
1569
01:29:02,720 --> 01:29:05,640
because we had these guys
in the courtroom.
1570
01:29:05,720 --> 01:29:09,400
And some of them
even looked at me defiantly, I remember.
1571
01:29:12,560 --> 01:29:15,200
[woman] General Madariaga,
province of Buenos Aires,
1572
01:29:15,280 --> 01:29:19,920
on January 25th, 1997, at 8:20 a.m.
1573
01:29:20,960 --> 01:29:22,920
[Vecchi] And there was an empty chair,
1574
01:29:23,000 --> 01:29:25,640
because, unfortunately,
we didn't have the mastermind,
1575
01:29:27,800 --> 01:29:30,000
the person who had ordered
his head of security
1576
01:29:30,080 --> 01:29:32,400
to get rid of the journalists that summer.
1577
01:29:33,400 --> 01:29:34,560
It was Alfredo Yabrán.
1578
01:29:37,080 --> 01:29:40,400
[woman] It was found that inside the ditch
with the rear facing the highway,
1579
01:29:40,480 --> 01:29:43,760
there was a vehicle,
which was completely incinerated.
1580
01:29:43,840 --> 01:29:44,680
FAMILY MEMBERS
1581
01:29:44,760 --> 01:29:47,320
[Vecchi] We were looking for explanations
1582
01:29:47,400 --> 01:29:50,920
and those responsible for the filthy
murder of José Luis Cabezas.
1583
01:29:51,000 --> 01:29:53,440
[woman] And the smell of fuel was present.
1584
01:29:54,680 --> 01:29:58,200
What they did to him in the process,
how they used him, how they burned him…
1585
01:29:58,280 --> 01:30:00,200
That's why we wanted explanations.
1586
01:30:02,960 --> 01:30:04,680
CHAMBER OF APPEALS
1587
01:30:04,760 --> 01:30:06,440
[tragic string music building]
1588
01:30:07,760 --> 01:30:10,720
[judge] Let the statement
of the witness Michi be recorded.
1589
01:30:12,880 --> 01:30:17,880
[Michi] In the early hours of January 25th
we were covering Andreani's party.
1590
01:30:20,360 --> 01:30:24,080
The logical thing would've been to leave
the party together with José Luis.
1591
01:30:25,200 --> 01:30:28,160
The thought that always
bounced around in my head
1592
01:30:28,240 --> 01:30:32,040
was that if we had been together,
we would have both suffered the same fate.
1593
01:30:32,120 --> 01:30:33,760
I have no doubt about it.
1594
01:30:40,120 --> 01:30:42,760
[Cazeaux] They described
spending half the day at the party,
1595
01:30:42,840 --> 01:30:44,840
but they didn't take Cabezas from there,
1596
01:30:44,920 --> 01:30:47,360
which was what
we all assumed had happened.
1597
01:30:47,440 --> 01:30:48,760
Rather they followed him.
1598
01:30:50,000 --> 01:30:51,600
[Vecchi] They went to José Luis's house.
1599
01:30:51,680 --> 01:30:54,240
When José Luis arrived home,
they intercepted him.
1600
01:30:54,320 --> 01:30:57,040
They grabbed him from behind
with weapons, obviously.
1601
01:30:58,360 --> 01:31:02,080
[Michi] They beat him up and put him
inside our car, the white Ford Fiesta.
1602
01:31:03,600 --> 01:31:06,160
[Vecchi] He was
no more than 20 or 25 feet…
1603
01:31:08,280 --> 01:31:09,240
from his wife.
1604
01:31:09,320 --> 01:31:13,520
That is, if he'd given the slightest cry,
if he had given the slightest alarm,
1605
01:31:13,600 --> 01:31:17,000
if he had given even
the slightest hint that he was in danger,
1606
01:31:17,080 --> 01:31:18,600
the woman would have seen him.
1607
01:31:26,760 --> 01:31:31,080
[Lazo] They took him along the path
that leads to the General Madariaga ditch.
1608
01:31:34,040 --> 01:31:37,400
It was reported that
José Luis's body had many injuries,
1609
01:31:37,480 --> 01:31:39,800
suggesting that
they tortured him on the way.
1610
01:31:39,880 --> 01:31:41,880
They beat him, they hit him.
1611
01:31:46,080 --> 01:31:48,600
Prellezo, the leader
of the entire operation,
1612
01:31:48,680 --> 01:31:51,400
gets out, then they make
José Luis get out.
1613
01:31:55,080 --> 01:31:57,080
[gunshots]
1614
01:32:02,120 --> 01:32:06,160
[Michi] Prellezo puts José Luis
against the back wall of the ditch
1615
01:32:06,240 --> 01:32:08,120
and shoots him twice in the head.
1616
01:32:08,200 --> 01:32:11,000
[music intensifies]
1617
01:32:19,520 --> 01:32:23,120
[Cazeaux] After shooting him,
they also decided to burn the car,
1618
01:32:23,200 --> 01:32:27,000
leaving it in the ditch,
where Cabezas was finally found.
1619
01:32:27,080 --> 01:32:28,160
[music continues]
1620
01:32:38,800 --> 01:32:42,840
[Michi] Gustavo Prellezo coordinated
the operation to kidnap José Luis.
1621
01:32:42,920 --> 01:32:47,400
He did it by order of Gregorio Ríos,
the head of Yabrán's security,
1622
01:32:47,480 --> 01:32:49,000
and Alfredo Yabrán.
1623
01:32:58,840 --> 01:33:00,200
[Vecchi] When they left the ditch,
1624
01:33:00,280 --> 01:33:03,680
the Los Hornos gang
mention a call made by Prellezo.
1625
01:33:03,760 --> 01:33:06,000
Prellezo apparently called Luna
on the phone
1626
01:33:06,080 --> 01:33:08,280
and told him, "Happy Birthday."
1627
01:33:08,360 --> 01:33:10,360
[gloomy music playing]
1628
01:33:11,200 --> 01:33:13,320
But curiously, it wasn't Luna's birthday.
1629
01:33:15,920 --> 01:33:17,920
I guess it was "mission accomplished."
1630
01:33:19,600 --> 01:33:23,960
[music crescendos]
1631
01:33:24,040 --> 01:33:25,520
[music fades]
1632
01:33:29,960 --> 01:33:30,960
Good day.
1633
01:33:35,280 --> 01:33:38,320
[Michi] On February 2, 2000,
the conviction finally came.
1634
01:33:38,400 --> 01:33:40,560
The verdict for all the murderers.
1635
01:33:41,240 --> 01:33:46,000
[woman] Defendant Gustavo Daniel Prellezo
will serve sentence of life imprisonment.
1636
01:33:46,080 --> 01:33:48,560
For Gregorio Ríos,
as instigator in the crimes…
1637
01:33:48,640 --> 01:33:50,040
[Michi] They were life sentences.
1638
01:33:50,120 --> 01:33:53,120
Life imprisonment for all those
who were policemen
1639
01:33:53,200 --> 01:33:55,120
and life for those who were civilians.
1640
01:33:56,360 --> 01:33:58,760
[reporter] The maximum punishment
provided by the criminal code
1641
01:33:58,840 --> 01:34:01,080
was for the former police officers,
Gustavo Prellezo,
1642
01:34:01,160 --> 01:34:03,520
Sergio Camaratta, and Aníbal Luna.
1643
01:34:04,840 --> 01:34:07,000
[Maciel] The three judges
didn't care who did what.
1644
01:34:07,080 --> 01:34:09,560
What mattered to them was
that they had all been there,
1645
01:34:09,640 --> 01:34:11,560
they were all participants in the crime.
1646
01:34:11,640 --> 01:34:15,840
LIFE SENTENCE FOR CABEZAS' KILLERS
1647
01:34:15,920 --> 01:34:18,680
[Norma] And I started crying.
It hurt a lot.
1648
01:34:18,760 --> 01:34:21,800
Because my anger turned into sadness.
1649
01:34:22,680 --> 01:34:25,520
But I have a lot of anger and I hate them.
1650
01:34:26,200 --> 01:34:28,720
[protesters] Murderers!
1651
01:34:32,800 --> 01:34:35,000
[man] You got what you deserved!
1652
01:34:36,440 --> 01:34:38,440
[protesters clapping and chanting]
1653
01:34:41,680 --> 01:34:44,360
[crowd] Argentina!
1654
01:34:44,440 --> 01:34:47,400
DECEMBER 1999
1655
01:34:47,480 --> 01:34:50,800
[Maciel] In December 1999,
the elections were held
1656
01:34:50,880 --> 01:34:53,680
and neither Duhalde nor Menem won.
1657
01:34:53,760 --> 01:34:54,600
De la Rúa won.
1658
01:34:55,800 --> 01:34:58,520
[woman] Dr. Don Fernando de la Rúa.
1659
01:35:00,280 --> 01:35:03,480
That truth,what was known
of how Cabezas was killed,
1660
01:35:03,560 --> 01:35:06,480
I think it changed the political direction
of what was to come.
1661
01:35:06,560 --> 01:35:08,760
[chanting]
1662
01:35:10,360 --> 01:35:12,440
[Cazeaux] Although it was a criminal act,
1663
01:35:14,200 --> 01:35:17,800
the murder of Cabezas
became a political turning point.
1664
01:35:19,800 --> 01:35:21,760
[Vecchi] It was the political end
of the governor.
1665
01:35:21,840 --> 01:35:24,520
Not only did he lose the election,
but he also lost himself.
1666
01:35:25,240 --> 01:35:28,360
And he couldn't achieve what he wanted,
the height of his political career.
1667
01:35:28,440 --> 01:35:30,440
[car horns honking]
1668
01:35:35,160 --> 01:35:37,920
[Maciel] It was a society
that began to see
1669
01:35:38,000 --> 01:35:40,680
the corruption
and the depths of the impurity
1670
01:35:40,760 --> 01:35:43,400
that political power
could have on the one hand.
1671
01:35:43,480 --> 01:35:47,200
And on the other hand, a society
that realized how defenseless it was.
1672
01:35:47,280 --> 01:35:50,520
[protesters chanting] Justice!
1673
01:35:50,600 --> 01:35:52,840
-Cabezas!
-Here!
1674
01:35:56,120 --> 01:35:59,560
[Gaya] The murder of José Luis
exposed other issues.
1675
01:36:01,760 --> 01:36:05,720
What it rose from the crime
were a whole range of injustices
1676
01:36:05,800 --> 01:36:08,040
that Argentine society was experiencing.
1677
01:36:09,040 --> 01:36:11,840
[people clapping]
1678
01:36:14,840 --> 01:36:17,360
[Gamarnik] Prior to the assassination
of Cabezas,
1679
01:36:17,440 --> 01:36:21,600
terrible things had happened
like the murder of María Soledad Morales.
1680
01:36:23,640 --> 01:36:27,840
The attack on the Israeli embassy
and the attack on AMIA…
1681
01:36:30,560 --> 01:36:33,200
the assassination of the soldier Carrasco,
1682
01:36:33,280 --> 01:36:34,680
the Río Tercero explosion,
1683
01:36:36,320 --> 01:36:40,240
the death of Carlos Menem Jr.
under very dark circumstances.
1684
01:36:40,320 --> 01:36:46,880
All that it's like a drop came
and overflowed a great putrid glass
1685
01:36:46,960 --> 01:36:49,280
and the population said, "Enough."
1686
01:36:51,920 --> 01:36:54,040
[Lazo] After Cabezas,
there were many other occasions
1687
01:36:54,120 --> 01:36:56,240
where society took
to the streets to be heard,
1688
01:36:56,320 --> 01:36:59,240
to change the course of some events
on more than one occasion.
1689
01:36:59,760 --> 01:37:02,840
-[chanting]
-[metal cookware rattling]
1690
01:37:03,440 --> 01:37:05,760
DECEMBER 2001
1691
01:37:05,840 --> 01:37:07,640
[clamoring]
1692
01:37:13,240 --> 01:37:16,880
DON'T FORGET CABEZAS
1693
01:37:19,560 --> 01:37:21,520
[Michi] The murder of José Luis Cabezas
1694
01:37:21,600 --> 01:37:24,240
was a culmination
of all the evils of Argentina.
1695
01:37:24,320 --> 01:37:27,280
[poignant music playing]
1696
01:37:31,120 --> 01:37:34,040
Given the facts,
the sentencing was not light,
1697
01:37:34,120 --> 01:37:37,040
however, the enforcement
of the sentences was weak
1698
01:37:37,120 --> 01:37:39,640
because the murderers
ended up getting out early.
1699
01:37:41,160 --> 01:37:45,760
A few years later, a shameful ruling
by the Buenos Aires Court of Appeals
1700
01:37:45,840 --> 01:37:47,920
reduced their sentences,
1701
01:37:48,920 --> 01:37:53,120
and in a short time, seven, eight years,
they began to go free.
1702
01:37:53,840 --> 01:37:55,240
Today, they are all free.
1703
01:37:55,840 --> 01:37:57,840
And they're a danger to society.
1704
01:37:57,920 --> 01:38:01,920
DON'T FORGET CABEZAS
1705
01:38:05,760 --> 01:38:09,040
[gentle piano music playing]
1706
01:38:12,000 --> 01:38:13,440
[José Cabezas] Never again.
1707
01:38:14,040 --> 01:38:17,080
Should more parents
mourn their children, as we have?
1708
01:38:19,160 --> 01:38:22,360
[Norma] I get that feeling that
he is going to open the door and say,
1709
01:38:22,440 --> 01:38:25,320
"Mommy! It wasn't me
who was burned, I'm here."
1710
01:38:28,600 --> 01:38:31,240
[Robledo] I would like
José Luis to be known
1711
01:38:31,880 --> 01:38:34,600
for… for who he was.
1712
01:38:37,160 --> 01:38:39,440
And not because of what happened to him.
1713
01:38:41,480 --> 01:38:42,760
Not because of that.
1714
01:38:46,160 --> 01:38:48,200
[Ropero] He would never
have imagined in his life
1715
01:38:48,280 --> 01:38:50,240
all that he caused after his death.
1716
01:38:51,000 --> 01:38:55,040
He was a regular guy
who did the work we asked of him,
1717
01:38:55,120 --> 01:38:56,920
and he tried his best.
1718
01:38:57,000 --> 01:38:59,600
He did his job and did the best he could.
1719
01:39:00,280 --> 01:39:01,880
That's my memory of him.
1720
01:39:05,400 --> 01:39:10,000
The memory of José Luis Cabezas
is like a kind of background music
1721
01:39:10,080 --> 01:39:12,320
that accompanies me in life, you know?
1722
01:39:13,880 --> 01:39:17,240
[Zunino] Every day of my life,
I remember José Luis Cabezas
1723
01:39:17,320 --> 01:39:19,120
for at least one minute.
1724
01:39:20,280 --> 01:39:22,640
He is not a hero, he is not a saint,
1725
01:39:23,920 --> 01:39:25,320
he's a lesson.
1726
01:39:26,240 --> 01:39:30,160
A sense of what is fair
and what is not fair.
1727
01:39:31,000 --> 01:39:35,840
A sense of what it means
to do journalism and why.
1728
01:39:37,120 --> 01:39:41,080
[Michi] As journalists,
we move in and out of people's lives.
1729
01:39:41,800 --> 01:39:44,360
When there is an anniversary of an event,
1730
01:39:44,440 --> 01:39:45,720
that's one thing.
1731
01:39:45,800 --> 01:39:49,240
When you are there,
close to a family that suffers,
1732
01:39:49,320 --> 01:39:53,640
you realize that what is news for us
is daily tragedy for them.
1733
01:39:56,560 --> 01:39:59,880
It's the plate missing from the table.
1734
01:39:59,960 --> 01:40:02,840
[poignant music playing]
1735
01:40:02,920 --> 01:40:07,120
[Michi] The clothes that his parents
keep for years to remember him.
1736
01:40:09,320 --> 01:40:14,280
It is that absence, so terrible,
that permeates their day-to-day lives.
1737
01:40:14,360 --> 01:40:16,600
It's not just news.
1738
01:40:16,680 --> 01:40:19,280
It's people. It's their stories.
1739
01:40:19,360 --> 01:40:20,760
It could be any of us.
1740
01:40:22,920 --> 01:40:25,400
For those of us who loved José Luis,
1741
01:40:26,520 --> 01:40:29,680
obviously his absence hurts us a lot.
1742
01:40:29,760 --> 01:40:31,480
But for his murderers,
1743
01:40:31,560 --> 01:40:33,840
his presence will hurt forever.
1744
01:40:51,720 --> 01:40:57,560
MONUMENT TO JOSÉ LUIS CABEZAS
PIT IN GENERAL MADARIAGA
1745
01:40:58,640 --> 01:41:01,280
The Los Hornos gang,
Sergio González, José Luis Auge,
1746
01:41:01,360 --> 01:41:04,680
Horacio Braga, and Héctor Retana,
were sentenced to life in prison.
1747
01:41:04,760 --> 01:41:06,520
They got out between 2004 and 2007,
1748
01:41:06,600 --> 01:41:10,320
taking advantage of
the sentence-reduction law known as "2x1".
1749
01:41:10,400 --> 01:41:11,960
Retana died in jail in 2001.
1750
01:41:14,880 --> 01:41:16,640
Gregorio Ríos, Police Chief Alberto Gómez,
1751
01:41:16,720 --> 01:41:19,600
and officers Gustavo Prellezo,
Aníbal Luna, and Sergio Camaratta
1752
01:41:19,680 --> 01:41:20,800
got life without parole.
1753
01:41:20,880 --> 01:41:24,360
They received different criminal benefits
and all were eventually released.
1754
01:41:24,440 --> 01:41:26,960
Officer Sergio Camaratta
died in Dolores Prison in 2015.
1755
01:41:27,920 --> 01:41:30,120
Former police officer Silvia Belawsky
was exonerated,
1756
01:41:30,200 --> 01:41:32,040
but was sentenced to four years in prison
1757
01:41:32,120 --> 01:41:34,320
for fraud linked to the vehicle
used in the crime.
1758
01:41:34,400 --> 01:41:37,000
She served her sentence
and was released in February 2000.
1759
01:41:38,280 --> 01:41:40,560
While serving time,
Prellezo got a law degree.
1760
01:41:40,640 --> 01:41:42,400
In 2017, he was released on parole.
1761
01:41:42,480 --> 01:41:44,600
The Cabezas family's persistent complaints
1762
01:41:44,680 --> 01:41:46,960
have prevented him
from working professionally
1763
01:41:47,040 --> 01:41:49,120
until his sentence has been fully served.
1764
01:41:53,520 --> 01:41:56,360
Twenty-five years after
the crime against José Luis Cabezas,
1765
01:41:56,440 --> 01:41:58,960
none of those involved in the murder
are in prison.
1766
01:41:59,040 --> 01:42:02,440
His family continues to fight
for his memory and against impunity.
1767
01:42:05,000 --> 01:42:11,040
IN MEMORY OF JOSÉ LUIS CABEZAS
1961-1997
1768
01:42:13,480 --> 01:42:15,480
[heartfelt music playing]
1769
01:45:44,680 --> 01:45:49,680
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